摘要:
脑小血管病主要是指小动脉及微动脉病变引起的缺血或出血性改变，它是引起血管性认知功能障碍主要原因。影像学上主要表现为脑白质高信号，腔隙性脑梗死，脑微出血及血管周围间隙扩大，这四种类型分别可以使用多种评价方法进行定量和半定量评估，对于解释相应的认知功能减退提供了客观依据。
Abstract:
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is the most common vascular cause of cognitive impairment, which refers to a group of ischemic and hemorrhagic changes that mainly affect the small arteries and arterioles. Features seen on neuroimaging include white matter hyperintensities, lacunar infarction, cerebral microbleed and enlarged perivascular space, which can be assessed by both quantitative analysis and semi-quantitative analysis, and this can provide evidence for the explanation of cognitive impairment.