大学生心理健康、自我调节对时型的影响

The Relationship of Mental Health, Self-Regulation and Chronotype in College Students

摘要: 目的：探讨大学生时型和心理健康、自我调节之间的关系。方法：选取某大学314名在校学生为被试，共收回298份有效问卷。采用清晨型/夜晚型问卷(MEQ)调查被试的时型，一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)测量被试的心理健康水平，自我控制量表中文版(SCS)和拖延量表(PS)测量被试的自我调节能力。结果：MEQ问卷平均得分(49.41 ± 8.07)，GHQ-12问卷平均得分(25.73 ± 5.00)，SCS量表平均得分(55.97 ± 8.74)，PS量表平均得分(42.12 ± 6.49)。各个量表分数之间均有显著相关(r = −0.6~0.78, p < 0.01)，年级与MEQ总分呈显著负相关(p < 0.01)。回归分析显示，PS总分、SCS总分和年级对MEQ总分的预测作用显著(R2 = 0.24)，SCS的分量表健康习惯和节制娱乐、以及年级能显著预测MEQ总分(R2 = 0.34)。中介效应检验显示，自我调节系数在心理健康与时型之间起完全中介作用。结论：年级和自我调节能力可以预测时型，心理健康可以通过自我调节能力影响时型。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relation of self-regulation to mental health and subjective chronotype in college students. Methods: 314 college students were chosen as subjects from one college in Guang-dong province. And we got 298 effective copies. Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was chosen to test the chronotype. General Health Questionnaire 12 Items (GHQ-12) was chosen to test the degree of mental health. Self-Control Scale (SCS) and Procrastination Scale (PS) were together used to measure Self-regulation. Results: The average score of MEQ in college students was (49.41 ± 8.07). The average score of GHQ-12 was (25.73 ± 5.00). The average score of SCS was (55.97 ± 8.74) and the average score of PS was (42.12 ± 6.49). The score of each scale significantly correlates with each other (r = −0.6 - 0.78, p < 0.01) and in variables of demology, only grades have a significantly negative correlation with the average score of MEQ (p < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that the PS score, SCS score and grade can significantly predict the MEQ score (R2 = 0.24). Grades and the sub- scale of MEQ: healthy habits and controling entertainment can significantly predict the MEQ score (R2 = 0.34). To test the mediating effect, we found that self-regulation coefficient played a completely mediating role in the relation between mental health and chronotype. Conclusion: Grades and self-regu- lation can predict chronotype and mental health can affect chronotype through self-regulation ability.