基于GIS的西峡县土地利用生态敏感性评价

GIS-Based Assessment of Sensitivity of Land Use Eco-Environment in Xixia County

摘要: 土地利用的合理性程度与经济社会的可持续发展情况紧密相关。因此，对于土地利用合理性的评价至关重要。文章基于GIS技术平台，根据研究区的地形地貌特征，选取高程、坡度、河流和基本农田保护区四个重要生态评价因子，赋予各个因子合理的权重和等级指数，采用多因素加权叠加法，对西峡县土地利用生态敏感性进行了综合评价。综合评价结果表明，西峡县土地利用生态敏感性分布不均衡，不敏感区的面积为90.82平方千米，占西峡县土地利用总面积的2.63%；低敏感区的面积为2146.15平方千米，占西峡县土地利用总面积的62.13%；中敏感区的面积为955.68平方千米，占西峡县土地利用总面积的27.26%；高敏感区的面积为60.80平方千米，占西峡县土地利用总面积的1.76%；极高敏感区的面积为200.55平方千米，占西峡县土地利用总面积的5.81%。根据评价结果给出了优化土地利用的相关可行性建议，为研究区域的生态环境保护和社会经济的良性发展提供有价值的参考。

Abstract: The rationality of land use is closely related to the sustainable development of economy and so-ciety. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the rationality of land use. The paper based on GIS technology platform, according to the landform characteristics in the study area, selects four key ecological evaluation factors of elevation, slope, rivers and basic farmland protection area and gives the reasonable weight and index level to each factor and carry out the comprehensive evaluation of ecological sensitivity with the method of multi factor weighted superposition on the land use of Xixia County. The comprehensive evaluation result shows that the ecological sensitivity of land use of Xixia County is uneven distribution; the area of non-sensitive region is 90.82 km2, which accounting for 2.63% of the total area of land use of Xixia County; the area of low sensitive region accounting for 62.13% of the total area of land use of Xixia County is 2146.15 km2. In the moderate sensitive area, the area is 955.68 km2, and accounts for 27.26% of the total area of land use of Xixia County; the highly sensitive region accounts for 1.76% of the total area of land use of Xixia County with the area of 60.8 km2; super highly sensitive area takes up 5.81% of the total area of land use of Xixia County with 200.55 km2. Considering the evaluation result, it gives some feasible suggestions to optimize the land use, which provides valuable reference for the study of the ecological environment protection and the healthy development of the social economy.