基于年径流分类的水库优化调度函数研究

Reservoir Optimal Operation Function Based on Annual Runoff Classification

摘要: 传统水库调度函数一般以最大化长系列多年平均发电、保证率等指标为目标函数，其内涵是水库多年运行的平均期望效益最大化，并未考虑年径流丰枯的区别。显然水库的优化调度函数与入库径流的丰枯情况有关，丰水年的优化调度函数与枯水年相比势必差异较大。为研究年径流分类对水库优化调度函数的影响，本文建立了考虑发电量及保证率的多目标优化调度模型，采用NSGA-II算法优化安康水库调度函数。结果表明：考虑径流分类，采用丰、平、枯水年的单独优化比长系列优化取得更好的效益。发电量最大非劣解提升发电量0.71%、保证率4.56%，保证率最高非劣解提升发电量1.37%、保证率2.57%。

Abstract: The traditional reservoir operation function is generally to maximize the long-term average power gen-eration, the guarantee rate and other indicators as the objective function. The connotation is that the av-erage expected benefit of the reservoir is maximized for long time series, but does not consider the vari-ation of annual runoff. It is obvious that the optimal operation function of the reservoir is related to the abundance of runoff that is quite different between the wet and dry years. In order to study the effect of annual runoff classification on reservoir operation function, a multi-objective operation model considering power generation and guarantee rate was established. The NSGA-II algorithm was used to optimize the operation function of Ankang reservoir. The results show that the runoff classification method is better than the long series optimization method. The largest non-inferior power generation solution can increase 0.71% power generation and 4.56% guarantee rate. The largest non-inferior guarantee rate solution can increase 1.37% power generation and 2.57% guarantee rate.