棕榈藤不同部位中多糖、多酚、黄酮类化合物的分布研究

Study on the Distribution of Polysaccharide, Polyphenols, and Flavonoids from Different Organs of Rattan

摘要: 本研究以棕榈藤为原料，对其各部位(包括棕榈藤果皮与果肉、棕榈藤嫩茎、棕榈藤叶鞘和叶片、棕榈藤藤茎)进行匀浆辅助提取后，分别采用水加热搅拌提取和80%乙醇回流提取，然后对水提取物和醇提取物中的多糖、多酚及黄酮类化合物进行测定，从而研究多糖、多酚及黄酮类化合物在棕榈藤植物的不同部位中的分布情况。本文还对匀浆辅助萃取的机理进行了阐释。实验结果表明：糖类化合物多分布于果实与嫩茎中，果皮与果肉中含多糖29.31%和7.27%，嫩茎中含多糖12.14%，叶鞘、叶片和藤茎中的多糖含量分别为2.91%、1.87%和1.99%。多酚和黄酮类化合物多分布于果实中，果皮(多酚5.33%，黄酮4.67%)略高于果肉(多酚5.22%，黄酮4.64%)，其次是叶片(多酚3.35%，黄酮2.92%)、叶鞘(多酚2.68%，黄酮2.37%)和嫩茎(多酚1.97%，黄酮1.83%)，藤茎中含量最少(多酚0.55%，黄酮0.47%)。

Abstract: In this study, Rattan (palm cane) as the raw material, the different parts of Rattan plant were extracted by homogenate-assisted extraction, and then extracted by water heating stirring extraction and reflux extraction with 80% ethanol, respectively. The extraction yields of aqueous extractives and alcohol extractives from different parts of Rattan, and polysaccharides, polyphenols and flavonoids content in aqueous extractives and alcohol extractives were determined. And the details of the homogenate-assisted extraction mechanism were interpreted. The experimental results showed that the polysaccharide content in the pericarp (29.31%) and sarcocarp (7.27%) was the highest, and in the tender stems (12.14%) was less, and in sheath, blade, and rattan stem were 2.91%, 1.87% and 1.99%, respectively. However, the polyphenols and flavonoids content in alcohol extractives was higher, which in the pericarp (polyphenols 5.33%, flavonoids 4.67%) and sarcocarp (polyphenols 5.22%, flavonoids 4.64%) was the highest, and followed by blade (polyphenols 3.35%, flavonoids 2.92%), sheath (polyphenols 2.68%, flavonoids 2.37%), and tender stems (polyphenols 1.97%, flavonoids 1.83%), and in the rattan stem (polyphenols 0.55%, flavonoids 0.47%) was the least.