基于数字化塞曼效应实验系统的实验方法研究

Study on the Zeeman Effect Experimental Method Based on the Digital Zeeman Effect Experimental System

摘要: 本文介绍了一种新型的数字化塞曼效应实验装置和PASCO系统的PASCO Capstone数据处理软件，在二者组成的实验系统下完成了塞曼效应实验现象的观察和视频记录，测量了在不同磁场强度下的电子荷质比。利用该方法最终计算出的电子荷质比的平均值为1.774 × 10^11 C/kg，与电子荷质比标准值1.759 × 10^11 C/kg的相对误差为0.853%，该方法具有易共轴调节、便于实验教学以及测量精度高于传统的测量方法等优点，可作为一种塞曼效应实验方法的参考。

Abstract: A method of Zeeman Effect experiment is demonstrated first; this method is based on a new kind of Zeeman Effect experimental instrument and PASCO capstone software. By using this method, the intensity of magnetic field can be changed continuously; thus the phenomenon of continuous process of spectral splitting can be recorded and observed by using the video function of the PASCO capstone software. Under the module of video analysis, the diameter of interference rings can be measured, then using the function of table and calculator, and inputting the formulas of electron charge-mass ratio and experimental error by hand, the electron charge-mass ratio and experimental error can be calculated intelligently. And the condition of spectral splitting under different intensity of magnetic field was concluded. Finally, the average value of electron charge- mass ratio calculated by this method is 1.774 × 10^11 C/kg, and the relative error is 0.853%, so this method is suitable to be a reference for Zeeman Effect experiment in future.