钦州港造纸厂排污口及邻近海域环境监测与评价

Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation of Pulp and Paper Industry Sewage Outlet and Its Adjacent Water in Qinzhou Harbor

摘要: 于2011~2013年对钦州港造纸厂排污口及其邻近海域水质进行监测，通过分析该水域水体中pH值、无机氮(DIN)、化学需氧量(COD)、悬浮物(SS)、石油类等指标，研究该水域各水质指标的动态变化及趋势，并采用单因子评价法对其结果进行水质分析和评价。结果表明：2011~2013年钦州港造纸厂排污口水质状况整体良好，其中pH值未出现超标现象；DIN和COD含量在2012年3月份异常增大，可能与造纸厂增产导致所排污水含量增加或是造纸厂出现的废水排管管道断裂使得废水直接排海有关；悬浮物和石油类含量在个别时期出现超标，对该海域环境的影响不大。2011~2013年钦州港造纸厂排污口邻近海域水质优于该海洋功能区水质要求，相应监测项目污染指数大体符合排污口>邻近海域的特点，显现出邻近海域污染物含量受陆源污染物排放，以及钦州湾内湾径流、降雨、城区生活污水及生产废水排放量增加等因素影响较大。2011~2013年排污口邻近海域的主要污染物DIN、COD和石油类含量呈增长趋势，在以后的监测过程中，应该着重做好DIN、COD和石油类的监控与治理，严格控制相关废水的排放，降低主要污染物对钦州湾近岸水质影响与破坏，提高生态安全性。

Abstract: From 2011 to 2013, the water quality of the pulp and paper industry sewage outlet and its adja-cent water in Qinzhou harbor was monitored. The pH, inorganic nitrogen (DIN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS) and petroleum were analyzed in order to research the dynamic changes and trends of the water quality. Meanwhile, the single-factor evaluation index method was used to analyze and evaluate the water quality. The results showed that from 2011 to 2013, the water quality of the pulp and paper industry sewage outlet in Qinzhou harbor was generally well, and the pH value did not exceed the standard. DIN and COD contents increased abnormally in March 2012, which could relate to the increase of sewage content or the wastewater pipeline was broken so that the wastewater was directly discharged into the sea. The content of suspended solids and petroleum in the individual period was excessive, which has little effect on the sea environment. The water quality of the pulp and paper industry sewage outlet adjacent water in Qinzhou harbor was better than the water quality requirements of this marine functional area. The pollution index of the corresponding monitoring project was generally conformed to the characteristics of the sewage outlet > adjacent sea area. It showed that the pollutant content of the adjacent sea area was affected by the land source pollutant discharge, as well as the runoff, rainfall, urban sewage and production wastewater emissions increased in the Qinzhou Bay. The contents of DIN, COD and petroleum in the pulp and paper industry sewage outlet adjacent water from 2011 to 2013 are increasing. In the future monitoring, the monitoring and management of DIN, COD and petroleum should be focused on, and the waste water discharge should be strictly controlled and the impact of major pollutants on the coastal waters of Qinzhou Bay should be reduced, so as to improve the ecological security.