时间管理倾向对大学生焦虑的影响：成就动机的调节效应

The Influence of Time Management Disposition about Anxiety: Achievement Motivation as a Moderator

摘要: 探讨时间管理倾向对大学生焦虑水平的影响，并考察成就动机在其中的调节效应。采用了青少年时间管理倾向量表、成就动机量表和焦虑水平自评量表对173名大学生施测。(1) 大学生平均焦虑水平较高，达到了轻度焦虑水平。男生的焦虑水平显著大于女生；(2) 时间管理倾向与焦虑水平存在显著的负相关关系，成就动机与焦虑水平存在显著的负相关关系；(3) 大学生的时间效能感越高，其焦虑水平越低。时间效能感能够显著预测焦虑水平；(4) 避免失败的动机在时间效能感与焦虑水平之间的调节作用显著。研究表明大学生的心理健康问题不容忽视，建议大学生在期末考试期间要调整好自己的认知、情绪，避免过度焦虑。

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to discuss the influence of time management disposition about an-xiety, and to investigate the moderating effect of achievement motivation in the relationship of time management disposition and anxiety. Using self-report questionnaire to do our survey, a total of 173 undergraduates took participant in our study. Adolescence Time Management Disposition Scale was used to measure subjects’ ability of managing time. Achievement Motivation Scale was used to measure subjects’ achievement motivation. And Self-rating Anxiety Scale was used to measure subjects’ anxiety. Our results suggested that: (1) undergraduates’ anxiety was a little high, up to the level of mild anxiety. Boy’s anxiety was higher than girls; (2) there was a significant negative correlation between time management disposition and anxiety. And there was a significant negative correlation between achievement motivation and anxiety; (3) motivation of avoiding failure can moderate the influence of time management disposition about anxiety. Those findings showed the great significance of undergraduates’ mental health. It was suggested that with the approaching of final examination, undergraduates were supposed to regulate their cognition and emotion well, to avoid psychological disorder.