荧光碳点的微乳液法合成及包覆

Synthesis and Coating of Fluorescent Carbon Dots via Micro-Emulsion Method

摘要: 本文运用微乳液法，以柠檬酸和脲为原料成功制备出荧光碳点(CA-FCD)。对其结构和荧光性能研究结果表明：CA-FCD为无定型结构，颗粒尺寸为9.0 nm，CA-FCD在200~400 nm处有多个激发峰，其发射峰位置恒定在440 nm处，具有显著的荧光特性。该CA-FCD也展现出优异的荧光稳定性：在低浓度(0.01~0.120 mg/ml)条件下，CA-FCD受荧光物质自吸收和浓度效应影响较小；CA-FCD适合在中性及碱性(pH > 6)条件下工作；CA-FCD还具有超强的紫外耐久性(浓度为0.12 mg/ml时其半衰期为1250 min)。另外，通过原位聚合法以聚苯乙烯包覆该CA-FCD，成功得到了核–壳式结构的纳米荧光复合微球，其颗粒尺寸约为210 nm，但CA-FCD的紫外特征吸收峰发生了改变。

Abstract: Fluorescent carbon dots (CA-FCDs) were prepared from citric acid and urea via micro-emulsion method. The results showed that the CA-FCDs were amorphous and the particle size was 9.0 nm. There were multiple excitation peaks (between 200 - 400 nm) for the CA-FCDs and the position of the emission peak was located at 440 nm that the carbon dots have remarkable fluorescence properties. The CA-FCDs were of excellent fluorescence stability from the fact that the self absorption and concentration effects of the CA-FCDs were small in the concentration range of 0.01 - 0.12 mg/ml. The CA-FCDs were suitable for working under neutral and alkaline conditions (pH > 6). Also, the CA-FCDs had a strong fluorescent durability that half- life was as long as 1250 min when the concentration was 0.12 mg/ml. In addition, the CA-FCDs were coated by polystyrene via in-situ polymerization, and the nano-composite microspheres with core-shell structure were obtained successfully and the particle size was about 210 nm. Then, the UV absorption peak of the coated CA-FCDs had been changed.

文章引用：毕森林, 郑楠楠, 孙来, 周兴平. 荧光碳点的微乳液法合成及包覆[J]. 物理化学进展, 2017, 6(2): 45-51. https://doi.org/10.12677/JAPC.2017.62006

参考文献

[1]	Prato, M.J. (1997) Fullerene Chemistry for Materials Science Application. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 7, 1097-109.
[2]	Yang, S.T., Cao, L., Luo, P.G.J., Lu, F.S., Wang, X., Wang, H.F., et al. (2009) Carbon Dots for Optical Imaging In Vivo. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131, 11308.
[3]	Alivisatos, A.P. (1996) Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals, and Quantum Dots. Science, 271, 933-937. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.271.5251.933
[4]	Gershon, D. (2004) Quantum Dots Show their True Colors. Nature, 432, 247-247. https://doi.org/10.1038/432247a
[5]	Karrai, K., Warburton, R.J., Schulhauser, C., et al. (2004) Hybridization of Electronic States Inquantum Dots through Photon Emission. Nature, 427, 135-138. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02109
[6]	Xu, X.Y., Ray, R., Gu, Y.L., Ploehn, H.J., Gearheart, L., Raker, K., et al. (2004) Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126, 12736-12737. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja040082h
[7]	Ying, L.S., Wei, S. and Gao, H.Q. (2014) Carbon Quantum Dots and their Applications. Chemical Society Reviews, 44, 362-381.
[8]	Jayasmita, J., Ganguly, M. and Tarasankar, P. (2015) Intriguing Cysteine Induced Improvement of the Emissive Property of Carbon Dots with Sensing Applications. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 17, 2394-2403. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP04982A
[9]	Liu, R.L., Wu, D.Q., Liu, S.H., et al. (2009) An Aqueous Route to Multicolor Photo luminescent Carbon Dots Using Silica Spheres as Carriers. Angewandte Chemie, 121, 4668-4671. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.200900652
[10]	Barman, M.K., Bikash, J., Santanu, B., et al. (2014) Photophysical Properties of Doped Carbon Dots (N, P, and B) and Their Influence on Electron/Hole Transfer in Carbon Dots-Nickel (II) Phthalocyanine Conjugates. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118, 20034-20041. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp507080c
[11]	Anilkumar, P., Wang, X., Cao, L., Sa, H.S., Liu, J.H., Wang, P., et al. (2011) Toward Quantitatively Fluorescent Carbon-Based Quantum Dots. Nanoscale, 3, 2023-2027. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00962h
[12]	Musyanovych, A. and Adler, H.J.P. (2005) .Grafting of Amino Functional Monomer onto Initiator-Modified Polystyrene Particles. Langmuir, 21, 2209-2217. https://doi.org/10.1021/la047960+
[13]	Xu, H., Cui, L., Tong, N. and Gu, H. (2006) Preparation of Hydrophilic Magnetic Nanospheres with High Saturation Magnetization. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 128, 15582-15583. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja066165a
[14]	Zhang, N., Yu, X., Hu, J., Xue, F. and Ding, E. (2013) Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle-Coated Poly (Styrene-Co-Sulfonic Acid) Hybrid Materials and their Application in Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) Tags. RSC Advances, 3, 13740-13747. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra40888d
[15]	Zhu, Z., Sun, F., Yang, L., Gu, K. and Li, W. (2013) Poly (Styrene-Co-Maleic Anhydride) Microspheres Prepared in Ethanol/Water Using a Photochemical Method and their Application in Ni 2+ Adsorption. Chemical Engineering Journal, 223, 395-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.02.072