儿童屈光不正光学生物测量的探讨

A Discussion about Children with Refractive Errors of Optical Biological Measure

摘要: 目的：研究探讨儿童眼轴、角膜曲率与屈光不正的关系。方法：通过在睫状肌麻痹状态下检影验光及光学生物测量仪—IOL Master获得44例88眼的屈光不正度数、眼轴、角膜曲率、前房深度等参数。按屈光不正度数分为远视组、正视组、近视组，应用统计学方法比较屈光不正与各屈光参数之间的关系。结果：受试者眼轴：远视组为21.58 ± 0.90 mm，正视组为23.33 ± 0.88 mm，近视组为24.62 ± 1.30 mm (P < 0.05)。角膜曲率半径：远视组为7.90 ± 0.33，正视组为7.77 ± 0.29，近视组为7.75 ± 0.38 (P > 0.05)。轴率比值：远视眼组为2.74 ± 0.13 mm，其结果小于3；正视眼组为3.00 ± 0.03 mm，其结果约等于3；近视眼组为3.18 ± 0.12 mm，其结果大于3(P < 0.05)；同时也发现用轴率比指标来评估近视、远视的灵敏度和特异度均较高，Youden指数0.68，提示诊断效价较好。结论：检测分析轴率比值(≤3或>3)可以很好预测屈光不正的发展趋势，并为近视的早期预防和干预提供前瞻性的指导。

Abstract: Objective: To study the relationship between the children’s eye axis, corneal curvature and refrac-tive errors. Methods: By using mydriatic retinoscopy and intraocular len-master, we have a total of 44 cases with 88 eyes of refractive errors degree, eye axis, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth and other parameters. According to the refractive errors degree, it can be divided into hy-peropia group, emmetropia group, and the myopia group, and then we used statistical methods to compare the relationship between the refractive errors and refraction parameters. Results: the eye axis: Hyperopia group was 21.58 ± 0.90 mm; emmetropia group was 23.33 ± 0.88 mm; myopia group was 24.62 ± 1.30 mm (P < 0.05). Corneal curvature radius: Hyperopia group was 7.90 ± 0.33; emmetropia group was 7.77 ± 0.29; myopia group was 7.75 ± 0.38 (P > 0.05). AL/CR: Hyperopia group was 2.74 ± 0.13 mm; the result is less than 3 (P < 0.05); Emmetropia group was 3.00 ± 0.03; the result equals to 3; Myopia group was 3.18 ± 0.12; the result is more than 3. At the same time, we also found that using AL/CR to assess the sensitivity of refractive errors and specificity degree was better. Youden index is 0.68; it prompts the titer of diagnosis was better. Conclusion: Through the detection of AL/CR (≤3 or >3), we can well predict the development trend of refractive errors, and provide prospective for myopia prevention and early intervention of guidance.