巴音布鲁克山区降水与云类分布特征

Characteristics of Precipitation and Cloud Distribution in the Mountain Area of Bayanbulak

摘要: 利用巴音布鲁克气象站2000~2013年常规地面观测资料的云、降水等相关气象要素，对巴音布鲁克山区云类分布特征进行对比分析，结果表明：2000~2013年巴音布鲁克中、低云出现次数为17160，占2000~2013年云类总观测次数的84%，其中，中、低云发展为降水的转化日数达到40.3%。巴音布鲁克地区层状云、波状云出现期比对流云出现期要长，但对流云出现次数比层状云、波状云多，相对应的降水日数与降水量最多，层状云、波状云出现期的降水日数次之，但降水量随降水日数的增多而增大的幅度极小，各类云交替出现期的冷季初期比暖季初期长、相应的降水日数与降水量比暖季初期多。因此，在年内层状云、波状云比对流云出现期的人工增水潜力要大，对流云出现期的人工增水潜力在年内最大，年内6月至8月上旬开展人工增水作业是最佳时机；层状云、波状云与对流云交替出现期的人工增水潜力次之。

Abstract: Using meteorological elements such as cloud, precipitation and other related elements of Bayanbulak meteorological station conventional ground observation data from 2000 to 2013, the characteristics of cloud distribution in the mountain area of Bayanbulak were compared and analyzed. The results show that the occurrence of middle and low clouds in Bayanbulak was 17,160 times, accounting for 84% of the total number of cloud observations from 2000 to 2013; among them, the conversion days that middle and low clouds developed precipitation reached 40.3%. Occurrence phase of stratiform cloud and undulatus cloud were longer than convective cloud in Bayanbulak, but the number of convective cloud appeared more than stratiform cloud and undulatus cloud. The rainy days and precipitation were the most during occurrence phase of convective cloud, and the rainy days took second place during period of stratiform cloud and undulatus cloud appeared, but the amount of precipitation increased slightly with the increase of rainy days. The early cold season of alternate periods of different clouds was longer than that of early warm season, and the corresponding rainy days and precipitation were more than that of early warm season. Therefore, in the year, the potential of artificially inducing precipitation during the occurrence period of stratiform cloud and undulatus cloud is larger than that of the convective cloud, but the potential of artificial precipitation induce in the period of the convective cloud is the largest. Thus it’s the best time to carry out artificially inducing precipitation operation between June and early August. The potential of artificially inducing precipitation during the alternate periods of stratiform cloud, undulatus cloud and convective cloud are secondary.