天津滨海绿地的植物种类及其应用研究

Study on Plant Species and Its Application in Tianjin Costal Greenland

摘要: 天津滨海区域长期受海水浸渍拥有大量的盐碱荒地，植物生长受到严重影响，植被生态恢复尤为重要。因此，研究天津滨海绿地中已有应用的植物种类和植物生长势情况，对选择适用于天津滨海区域生态修复的植物种类具有重要意义。对天津滨海绿地应用的园林植物和自发生长的植物种类进行调研，重点分析植物种类及其生长势、出现的频度和多度，并计算重要值，旨为天津滨海区域的植被选择和恢复提供参考和借鉴。结果表明：天津滨海绿地有园林植物及自生植物共45科102属128种(含品种)，其中白皮松、油松、合欢等7种生长势较差。乔木应用较多的为国槐、紫叶桃、西府海棠、绒毛白蜡、紫叶李等；灌木应用较多的为大叶黄杨、金叶女贞、木槿、紫穗槐、火炬树等；草本植物应用较多的为芦苇、高羊茅、紫苜蓿、独行菜、马蔺等。

Abstract: Tianjin coastal area is seawater impregnated, seriously affecting plant growth and have a lot of salt and alkali wasteland, vegetation ecological restoration is particularly important. Therefore, it is important to study the plant species, plant growth potential and application status of Tianjin coastal green land, and to select the plant species suitable for ecological restoration in Tianjin coastal area. The research on plant species and spontaneous growth plants of Tianjin coastal green space was carried out. The plant species and their growth potential, frequency and degree of occurrence were analyzed, and the important values were calculated, to provide reference for vegetation selection and restoration in Tianjin coastal area. The results showed that there were 129 species (including cultivation), belonging to 45 families and 102 genera. Among them, seven kinds of growth potentials such as: Pinus bungeana, Pinus tabulaeformis and Albizia julibrissin were poor. Trees such as Sophora japonica, Amygdalus persica, Malusmicromalus, Fraxinus velutina, Prunus cerasifera, etc. were more widely used; Shrubs such as Euonymus japonicas, Ligustrum vicaryi, Hibiscus syriacus, Amorpha fruticosa, Rhustyphina, etc. were more widely used; Herbs such as Phragmites australis, Festucaelata, Medicago sativa, Lepidium apetalum, Irislactea etc. were more widely used.