人参抗血液和心血管系统衰老作用研究新进展
New Progress in Ginseng Anti-Aging Effects on Blood and Cardiovascular System
DOI: 10.12677/PI.2017.65016, PDF, HTML, XML, 下载: 1,552  浏览: 3,525  国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 张慧娟：南昌大学医学部，临床医学2013级临床实验班，江西 南昌；赖 敏：南昌大学医学部，临床医学1313班，江西 南昌；卢选珍：南昌大学医学部，临床医学1305班，江西 南昌；洪芬芳：南昌大学医学部，医学实验教学中心，江西 南昌；杨树龙*：基础医学院生理教研室，江西 南昌
关键词: 人参皂苷；衰老；血液系统；端粒与端粒酶；心血管系统；Ginsenosides； Aging； Blood System；Telomeres and Telomerase； Cardiovascular System
摘要: 人参皂苷(Ginsenosides, GS)是人参的主要的抗衰老成分，衰老是体内外多因素共同作用于机体后的综合表现，GS在抗血液和心血管系统衰老中起到重要作用。Rg1可激活端粒酶并抑制端粒长度缩短而延缓造血干细胞衰老；GS明显降低血管平滑肌细胞(Vascular smooth muscle cells, VSMCs)增殖力并增加PPAR-γ表达，减少自由基产生，增加NO释放，对心血管系统起保护作用；人参提取物可减少负性细胞因子表达，延缓血管老化；人参三七川芎提取物通过下调NAD(P)H氧化酶p47phox表达而使ROS产生减少，延缓血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的内皮细胞衰老；人参皂甙Rbl和人参皂甙Re均可减少缺血再灌注(Ischemia reperfusion, IR)心肌细胞的凋亡；人参皂甙Rb1可能具有抑制缺血再灌注心肌细胞凋亡的作用，从而减轻心肌IR损伤；实验表明人参皂甙Rb1对老龄大鼠心肌收缩有抑制作用。本文综述了近期有关于GS抗血液及心血管系统衰老作用及其机制的研究进展，将为其临床防治血液及心血管系统衰老相关疾病提供理论依据。
Abstract: Ginsenosides is the main anti-aging ingredients of ginseng. Senescence is a comprehensive mani-festation of human body on account of a variety of influential factors in vivo and vitro. Ginseno-sides play an important anti-aging role in blood and cardiovascular system. Ginsenosides Rg1 can delay the senescence procedure of hematopoietic stem cell by activating telomerase and preventing telomerase from shortening. The protective effects of ginsenosides on blood and the cardiovascular system are conducted by decreasing VSMCs proliferation evidently, increasing the expression of PPAR-γ and reducing the production of free radicals and accelerating the level of NO release. Ginseng extracts can inhibit the expression of negative cytokines, thus postponing the senescence of blood vessel. Three seven Chuanxiong extract of ginseng down-regulated the expression of NAD (P) H oxidase p47phox and reduced ROS production, delaying the endothelial cell senescence induced by angiotensin II. Besides, ginsenosides Rbl and Re both can reduce the apoptosis of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) myocardial cells. Furthermore, Ginsenosides Rb1 might have lightened myocardial IR injury by suppressing IR myocardial cell apoptosis. Ginsenosides Rbl has also shown to inhibit myocardial contractility in aged rats. This article reviewed the recent researches related to the anti-aging effects of ginsenosides on blood and cardiovascular system so as to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases involved in blood and vascular system aging in human body.
文章引用：张慧娟, 赖敏, 卢选珍, 洪芬芳, 杨树龙. 人参抗血液和心血管系统衰老作用研究新进展[J]. 药物资讯, 2017, 6(5): 95-100. https://doi.org/10.12677/PI.2017.65016

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