基于有限元方法的10 kV/0.4 kV箱式变电站电磁环境仿真分析与测量

Analyses on Measurement and Simulation of Electromagnetic Environment of 10 kV/0.4 kV Box Type Transformer by Using FEM Method

摘要: 随着中国城市现代化建设的飞速发展，城市配电网的不断更新改造，箱式变电站已广泛应用于住宅小区、商业中心、机场、企业、医院或学校等场所，与人们的日常生活息息相关。为了明确箱式变电站周围电磁环境的分布特征，本文选取了某小区10 kV/0.4 kV箱式变电站进行有限元仿真分析，并与实测数据对比，研究箱式变电站产生的工频电磁场分布特征，为合理评估箱式变电站的电磁环境水平提供理论和实验依据。结果表明：电磁环境仿真分析与实际监测数据具有很高的一致性。在箱式变电站实际运行状态下，距离箱体20 cm处最大工频电场强度超过1.0 V/m，最大磁感应强度值为10 μT，主要集中在进出线、缝隙和窗体附近，且随着距离增大均急剧下降，因此箱式变电站工频电磁环境水平远远低于中国环境标准中推荐的居民区的场强限值，即电场强度4 kV/m，磁感应强度100 μT，该参数对周围环境、居民生活和身心健康不会造成不良影响。

Abstract: With the rapid development of Chinese city modernization and the constant updating of city dis-tribution network, box type transformer has been widely used in residential, commercial center, airport, enterprises, hospitals or schools and other places, closed to people’s daily lives. In order to clear the electromagnetic radiation distribution characteristics of box type transformer, this paper selected the 10 kV/0.4 kV box type transformer in a certain area by using the FEM simula-tion and then compared it with the measurement data, in order to study the power frequency electromagnetic distribution characteristics and provide theoretical and experimental basis for assessing the electromagnetic environment level of box type transformer. The result of simulation analysis is in a good agreement with the actual monitoring data. In the actual operation condition of box type transformer, the electric field strength is more than 1.0 V/m and the maximum magnetic flux density is 10 μT at the distance of 20 cm away from box, which mainly concentrate in the import line, the gap and windows and decrease with the increase of the distance. Thus, it can be concluded that the electromagnetic environment level is far below the recommended China residential environmental standard limits, in which the electric field strength is 4 kV/m and the magnetic induction intensity is 100 μT. And it could not cause adverse effects on the surrounding environment, residents' life and physical and mental health.