大学生C类人格障碍倾向与完美主义、自尊异质性的关系研究

The Relationship between Perfectionism, Heterogeneity of Self-Esteem and Symptom of Cluster-C Personality Disorders among College Students

摘要: 目的：探究大学生C类人格障碍倾向与完美主义、自尊异质性之间的关系。考察完美主义维度与自尊异质性能否成为诊断C类人格障碍的参考依据。方法：采用中文Frost完美主义问卷(CFMPS)、人格障碍筛查问卷(PDQC)及Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、条件自尊量表(CSES)、不稳定自尊量表(ISES)对465位在校大学生进行问卷施测。结果：1) 差异性检验结果显示，C类人格障碍、DEP以及AVD倾向组与对照组均在完美主义、外显自尊、条件自尊和不稳定自尊变量上存在显著差异(p < 0.01)，OBC倾向组与对照组在完美主义及条件自尊上存在显著差异(p < 0.01)，但OBC倾向组和对照组在外显自尊和不稳定自尊上未呈现著差异。2) 多元逐步回归分析结果显示，完美主义的“个人标准”、“行动疑虑”、“条理性”及“担心错误”维度对OBC有显著预测作用(p < 0.01)；完美主义的“担心错误”、“行动疑虑”维度及外显自尊对DEP具有显著预测作用(p < 0.01)；完美主义的“行动疑虑”、“担心错误”维度以及外显自尊和条件自尊对AVD具有显著预测作用。结论：1) C类人格障碍与完美主义、外显自尊、条件自尊及不稳定自尊关系密切，且完美主义及自尊异质性在一定程度上能够预测C类人格障碍及其OBC/DEP/AVD分型。2) 自尊条件化以及完美主义是C类人格障碍大学生共同的危险因素，较高的“个人标准”是OBC的特征，极度“条理性”也是OBC诊断的特异性特征，过度的“担心错误”是DEP的主要特征，过度的“行动疑虑”是AVD的主要特征。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the heterogeneity of self-esteem among college students with symptom of Cluster-C personality disorders (PDs) and its prediction for picking out Cluster-C PDs. Methods: Using the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire (FMPS) in Chinese, PDQC-2, RSES, CSES and ISES to test a sample of 465 students. Results: 1) The results of the difference test showed that there were significant differences in perfectionism and all forms of SE (RSES, CSES, ISES) between Cluster-C PDs, DEP, AVD and each contrast students (p < 0.01). OBC and contrast students had significant difference in perfectionism and CSES (p < 0.01), but no significant difference in RSES and ISES; 2) The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that perfectionist PS, DA, OR, CM dimension played a significant role to predict OBC (p < 0.01); Perfectionist CM, DA dimension and RSES played a significant role to predict DEP (p < 0.01); Perfectionist DA, CM dimension, RSES and CSES played a significant role to predict AVD (p < 0.01). Conclusion: 1) Cluster-C PDs were closely related to perfectionism and all forms of SE (RSES, CSES, ISES), and perfectionism can predict Cluster-C PDs (OBC, DEP, AVD) to some extent; 2) Contingent self-esteem and perfectionism are the risk factors to all Cluster-C PDs; excessive “Personal Standard” is the primary characteristic of OBC; extreme “Organization” is a specific characteristic of OBC; excessive “Concern over Mistakes” are the primary characteristics of DEP; excessive “Doubts about Actions” are the prominent characteristics of AVD.