玉米花生间作对花生植株生长动态影响的研究

Effect of Maize-Peanut Intercropping on Peanut Growth Dynamics

摘要: 玉米花生间作是确保粮油均衡增产、提高土地利用效率和产出效益的有效途径，本研究旨在探明玉米花生间作不同行位间花生植株生长的差异，为完善玉米花生间作理论与技术体系提供依据。在田间试验条件下，以单作花生为对照，系统研究了玉米花生2:6间作模式对不同行位间花生植株生长动态的影响。研究结果表明：间作花生较单作花生株高增加，主、侧茎叶数减少，叶面积指数降低，有效分枝数量减少；同为间作花生，不同行位间随着与玉米距离的增大、遮阴程度的减少，株高降低，主、侧茎叶数增加，叶面积指数提高，有效分枝和果针形成数量增加，与单作花生的生长差异逐渐减少。研究结果明确了间作花生不同行位间植株生长受玉米影响的程度，可为进一步优化玉米花生间作行比提供依据。

Abstract: Maize-peanut intercropping is an effective way to ensure the balance increasing of grain and oil, and to improve land use efficiency and output benefits. The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in the growth of peanut plants in different intercropping rows, and provide a basis for improving the theory and technical system of maize-peanut intercropping. Choosing monocropped peanut as control, this research systematically studied the effect of maize-peanut intercropping (2:6 pattern) on the growth dynamics of peanut among intercropping rows under field conditions. Results showed that, compared with monocropped peanut, plant height of intercropping peanut was increased, but the number of leaves on the main and lateral stems, leaf area index and effective branch number were decreased. With the increasing of distance from maize and decreasing of shade, the plant height of intercropping peanut was decreased, but the number of leaves on the main and lateral stems, leaf area index and the number of effective branches and gynophore elongation were increased, the growth differences between intercropping peanuts and monocropped peanut decreased gradually. This study revealed that the effect of maize on the growth of peanut in different intercropping rows, which can provide a basis for further optimizing the rows ratio of maize-peanut intercropping.