预后营养指数与胃肠癌预后的研究进展

Research Progress between Prognostic Nutrition Index and Prognosis of Gastrointestinal Cancer

摘要: 机体的免疫状态和营养状况都是评估手术风险、术后并发症的发生率和围手术期死亡率的有效指标。越来越多的研究表明，机体的免疫营养状况也是一个预测远期预后的有力方法。日本学者小野寺建立的预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index, PNI)计算简单，来源于血清白蛋白值和淋巴细胞总数，是一个可反映机体的营养和免疫状况的简单有效的指标。预后营养指数最初是用来评估胃肠道疾病患者手术后并发症的发生率和围手术期死亡率的。预后营养指数是一个有力的预测指标，可以预测多种恶性肿瘤的预后，比如结直肠癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、原发性肝癌等。然而，国内评估预后营养指数对结直肠癌预后预测价值的相关研究较少，而且现有研究中样本量也较小。

Abstract: The immunological and nutritional statuses have both been deemed as useful preoperative indexes to assess surgical risk, postoperative morbidity, and mortality. An increasing number of studies have shown that immunonutritional status can also be a powerful means of predicting survival outcome. Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is considered a simple and useful index to reflect the preoperative nutritional and immunological condition, and it can be easily calculated using the serum albumin level and peripheral blood total lymphocyte counts. The PNI was originally used to evaluate the risk of postoperative complications and mortality in gastrointestinal tract surgery and it has become a powerful prognostic parameter for various types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, few studies have evaluated the clinical importance of PNI in patients with colorectal cancer in China, and most of the related studies have had a small sample size.