对夫妻之间的共同债务的思考

Think about the Common Debt between Husband and Wife

摘要: 最高人民法院《婚姻法司法解释(二)》第24条(以下简称“24条”)以保护交易安全为最终价值，“以夫妻身份”为标准，将婚姻关系存续期间夫妻一方在外进行举债所产生的债务推定为夫妻之间的共同债务。该司法解释所确立的夫妻共同债务推定规则，导致夫妻双方将因其“夫妻身份”，而为夫妻中的一方在外举债所负担的债务承担连带责任。以致于即使负债夫妻脱离了“夫妻身份”(夫妻一方死亡或夫妻离婚)，仍要为其中一方的举债而承担连带责任。该类案件的数量十分巨大，社会影响深远(导致假离婚、不敢离婚的状况出现)，其中影响最大、所涉及金额最大的案件莫过于小马奔腾案件。但是2018年1月17日出台的新司法解释将会大大的改变这种情况。本文将以小马奔腾案件对“24条”的弊端进行分析，并将对新的司法解释所涉及的问题进行分析，并提出相应的解决方法。

Abstract: Article 24 of “The Judicial Interpretation of Marriage Law (II)” passed by the Supreme People’s Court requires that the debt incurred by one spouse during the marriage is presumed to be the common debt of the couple to protecting trade security. The judicial interpretation reasons that the debt incurred by one spouse during the marriage should be paid together. As a result, one spouse should still take responsibility to pay the dept during marriage even the marriage does not exist anymore (one spouse dies or divorces). There are large quantities of such cases and have great social influence (like false divorce or daring not divorce). The most typical case is “Xiaoma Benteng” case for its great influence and huge amounts of money involved. But the new judicial interpretation passed by the Supreme People’s Court on January 17, 2018 will make a big difference. This paper will analyze the disadvantages of “24” by “Xiaoma Benteng” case. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the problems involved in the new judicial interpretation and puts forward solutions.