优化学校育人环境：师生关系比规章制度更值得关注—从学校环境的多层线性模型验证来看

Optimizing School Environment: Focus on the Teacher-Student Relationship Is More Important than School Regulations—From Multi-Level Linear Model Verification of School Environment

摘要: 学校环境是青少年学习生活的主要场所，对学生的成长发展起着潜移默化的作用。我们以中学生创造性科学问题提出能力为切入点，探索学校环境中哪些因素对创造性问题提出能力的影响是显著的。结果表明：学校环境存在城乡显著差异，城市学校在开放的规章制度、师生关系、课堂气氛、同伴关系、物质环境等方面均优于乡村学校；学生的创造性科学问题提出能力存在学校类型差异，城市学生优于乡村学生；创造性科学问题提出能力的总变异量有50.05%是由学校所造成的；学校环境中师生关系、规章制度可以显著预测学校间平均创造性科学问题提出能力差异。

Abstract: School environment is the main place for adolescents to study; it exerts an imperceptible influence on developments of students’ thinking. We will take the creative scientific problem finding (CSPF) as the breakthrough point, to explore the influence of those factors in school environment. The results show that: there are significant differences between urban and rural schools in the open environment, school regulations, teacher-student relationship, peer relationship, classroom atmosphere and physical environment in city schools are better than rural schools. The creative scientific problem finding (CSPF) in city students is better than rural students; 50.05% of the total variations in CSPF are caused by school environments. The teacher-student relationship and school regulations can significantly predict the differences among schools.