长江上游珍稀特有鱼类自然保护区重庆段渔业资源现状调查
Status Study on Fishery Resources in Rare and Endemic Fish National Nature Reserve in Chongqing of Yangtze River
DOI: 10.12677/OJFR.2018.52011, PDF,  被引量    科研立项经费支持
作者: 何 滔, 卢 群, 刘建虎：西南大学动物科技学院，重庆；魏耀东, 廖 莹：重庆市渔政渔港监督管理处，重庆
关键词: 长江上游珍稀特有鱼类自然保护区；重庆段；渔业资源；Rare and Endemic Fish National Nature Reserve； Chongqing of Yangtze River； Fishery Resources
摘要: 2014至2015年间，对保护区重庆段的渔业资源现状进行了调查，结果显示：保护区重庆段有鱼类120种，隶属于五个目。其中鲤形目为主要类群，有98种。鱼类区系成分则以江河平原类群为主体，缺乏中亚高原鱼类类群。主要渔获物种类有25种，其中优势种类为铜鱼、瓦氏黄颡鱼；出现频率较高的重要物种有圆口铜鱼、长鳍吻鮈、中华沙鳅等。保护区鱼类分属五个繁殖类型，其中产粘性卵类型最多。鱼类产卵场有24个，其中粘性卵产场9个、漂流性卵产场11个、兼具粘性卵和漂流性卵的产卵场4个。索饵场有德感坝、胜中坝和白沙3处。根据调查情况来看，保护区内鱼类资源受到的最大压力是过度捕捞以及繁殖场所的破坏。因此，保护区内的渔业资源修复应考虑加大人工产卵基质投放及养护的比重。
Abstract: In 2014 and 2015, we took a survey of fishery resources in rare and endemic fish national nature reserve in Chongqing of Yangtze River. There were 120 species of fish affiliated to 5 orders, and the Cypriniformes exhibited the highest species diversity with 100 species. The fish faunas of the reserve were mainly composed of River Plain fish, with the lack of Central Asian Plateau fish. The main catch was 25 species, mainly including Coreius heterokon, Pelteobaggrus vachelli, Coreius guichenoti, Rhinogobio ventralis, Botia superciliaris. There were 5 reproducing types of fish in the Reserve, and the species, spawned the adhesive eggs, were the most popular. There were 24 spawning grounds (adhesive and floating egg) and 3 feeding grounds (Degan, Shengzhong, Baisha) in Reserve. Through this investigation, we can find that the fishery resources have decreased mainly because of over-catch and reproduction grounds destroyed.
文章引用：何滔, 魏耀东, 卢群, 廖莹, 刘建虎. 长江上游珍稀特有鱼类自然保护区重庆段渔业资源现状调查[J]. 水产研究, 2018, 5(2): 85-97. https://doi.org/10.12677/OJFR.2018.52011

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