液滴铺展过程的能量转换

The Energy Conversion during the Droplet Spreading

摘要: 普遍的观点认为，液滴铺展过程中，表面能参与了粘性损耗。但通过球缺型假设模型进行理论分析，结果表明，铺展过程中系统的内能(分子动能除外)守恒，无损耗，表面能、粘附能和变形能相互转化。粘性耗散的能量来源只可能是系统的机械能。在液滴铺展过程中，表面张力的水平分量做功引发了系统内能的转换，表面张力的垂直分量做功参与了粘性耗散过程。

Abstract: The prevailing view considers that the surface energy has been involved in viscosity loss during the droplet spreading. But analyzed theoretically by spherical deficiency hypothetical model, the result shows the system internal energy conservation during the spreading (except the molecular kinetic energy), free of losses, and that surface energy translates into adhesional energy and deformation energy (molecular potential energy). The energy resource of viscous dissipation is only possible the system mechanical energy. During the droplet spreading, the acting of horizontal component of surface tension leads to the conversion of system internal energy, the acting of vertical component of surface tension participates into the viscous dissipation process.