有机肥与化肥配施对果园土壤及果树影响的研究进展
Advances in Research on Effects of Combined Application of Organic Fertilizers and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil and Fruit Trees
DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2018.812211, PDF,    国家科技经费支持
作者: 李荣飞, 王明明, 常耀栋, 张抗萍, 梁国鲁, 陆智明, 郭启高*：南方山地园艺学教育部重点实验室/西南大学园艺园林学院，重庆；胡 涛, 杨 艺：广安区农业局，四川 广安；易佑文：广安市科技开发培训中心，四川 广安
关键词: 有机无机配施；土壤理化性质；土壤微生物；果树生长发育；果实品质；Organic and Inorganic Fertilization； Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil； Soil Microorganisms； Fruit Tree Growth and Development； Fruit Quality
摘要: 施肥是农业生产中补充养分的重要措施，但生产中过量施用化肥，会导致肥料利用率低、土壤肥力下降，生态环境破坏严重等问题。有机肥虽含有丰富的有机质和矿质养分，但长期单施有机肥，会增加土壤重金属含量，加大植物吸收和积累重金属的风险。从而，化肥减量和增施有机肥逐渐成为被人们普遍接受和提倡的施肥方式，但仍然存在对有机无机肥混施的认识不全面，利用不合理的现象。因此，本文综述了有机肥和化肥混施的特点，对土壤理化性质、土壤微生物、土壤环境的影响，以及对果树生长发育、抗性、果实品质的影响等研究进展进行归纳总结，并展望有机肥化肥混施的利用前景，以期为生产中的施肥管理提供参考。
Abstract: Fertilization is an important measure to supplement nutrients in agricultural production. However, the excessive application of chemical fertilizers in production will lead to problems such as low fertilizer utilization rate, decreased soil fertility, and serious damage to the ecological environment. Although organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter and mineral nutrients, long-term application of organic fertilizer will increase the soil heavy metal content and increase the risk of plant absorption and accumulation of heavy metals. As a result, the reduction of the amount of chemical fertilizer and the increase of the application of organic fertilizer have gradually become a widely accepted and advocated way of fertilization, but there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding and unreasonable utilization of organic and inorganic fertilizer. Therefore, this paper reviews the characteristics of mixed application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, summarizes the research progress on the physical and chemical properties of soil, soil microbes, soil environment, and the effects on growth, development, resistance and fruit quality of fruit trees, and also the use of organic fertilizer-fertilizer mix prospect, in order to provide reference for fertilization management in production.
文章引用：李荣飞, 王明明, 常耀栋, 张抗萍, 梁国鲁, 陆智明, 胡涛, 杨艺, 易佑文, 郭启高. 有机肥与化肥配施对果园土壤及果树影响的研究进展[J]. 农业科学, 2018, 8(12): 1436-1447. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJAS.2018.812211

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