海洋藻类病毒多样性研究的现状与展望

Advance in Research on Diversity of Marinephycovirus

摘要: 作为海洋生态系统中的重要成员，藻类病毒在微生物环、生物地球化学循环、群落结构及多样性等方面起着重要作用。因为病毒在治理赤潮藻华问题方面具有诸多优势，所以利用藻类病毒治藻已成为一个热点的研究方向。目前已分离鉴定出许多种类的藻类病毒，并且人们对藻类病毒的实际应用也进行了一定的探讨，发现病毒在实际的生态系统中作用比较复杂。于是，针对藻类病毒生态的研究也越来越多。众所周知，藻类病毒的遗传多样性极其丰富，但其分布是否具有全球性，如何对其进行有效的检测和分析等都是国际上的研究热点。本综述就近年来国内外对藻类病毒研究的相关进展和本实验室开展的相关研究情况进行了概述，尤其对藻类病毒的生态分布、遗传多样性、研究中所涉及的靶基因及主要的分析方法进行了总结，提出海洋藻类病毒的研究展望。旨在为藻类病毒生态学、赤潮生物防治提供参考。

Abstract: Phycovirus, as an important member in the marine ecosystem, is playing a greatly prominent role in the mi- crobial loop, biogeochemical cycling, community population and diversity. Because of the numerous advantages of us- ing virus to regulate the red-tide and the water bloom, it has become a hot research orientation that people adopted algae virus to control the algae. Nowadays, there were already many algae virus that had been isolated and identified and sci- entists also have some research regarding to their practical use, finding that the effect that viruses have on the practical ecosysystem is extremelycomplex. So focus was put on the virus zoology. It is known that the genetic diversity of phy- covirus is extremely high, butseeking the way to consider its worldwide distribution and some efficient ways to detect and analysis it has become a global research hotspot. This article introduces the recent research progress of algae virus related with the ecological distribution, geneticdistribution, correlative target genes and frequently-used analytical pro- cedure and makes some prospects of phycovirus, hoping to provide some references for the research in the ecology of phycovirus and the biological control of red-tide.