洋金花生物碱提取研究

Study on the Extraction of Alkaloids from Flos Daturae

摘要: 目的：研究两种提取方法对洋金花中总生物碱提取的提取率的影响、比较生物碱在洋金花果皮和籽粒中的分布情况并对洋金花中总生物碱进行分离纯化。方法：通过薄层色谱法(TLC)比较生物碱在籽粒和壳中的浓度做定性分析；通过硅胶柱层析法对洋金花中生物碱做分离纯化。结果：洋金花籽粒中生物碱含量大于壳中生物碱含量，且壳中生物碱含量极少(<0.5%)；洋金花籽粒中总生物碱提取率回流法为3.3%，微波提取法为1.4%；结论：洋金花中生物碱主要分布在籽粒中；回流法提取洋金花籽粒中生物碱，操作简单、溶剂用量少、条件温和、总生物碱提取率较高，综合各方面考虑，回流法提取洋金花生物碱较为合适。

Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of two extraction methods on the extraction rate of total alkaloids from Flos Daturae, and to compare the distribution of alkaloids in the peel and grain of Flos Daturae and to isolate and purify the total alkaloids from Flos Daturae. Methods: The concentration of alkaloids in grains and shells was compared by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The alkaloids in the Flos Daturae were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography. Results: The con-tent of alkaloids in the seeds of Flos Daturae was higher than that in the shell, and the content of alkaloids in the shell was very low (<0.5%). The total alkaloid extraction rate in the seeds of Flos Daturae was 3.3%, microwave. The extraction method was 1.4%. Conclusion: The alkaloids in the Flos Daturae are mainly distributed in the grain; the alkaloids in the Flos Daturae seeds are extracted by reflux method, the operation is simple, the solvent is used less, the conditions are mild, and the total alkaloid extraction rate is high. Considering all aspects, it is more appropriate to extract the Agrobacterium alkaloids by reflux method.