半干旱沙地蒿类植被建成过程中土壤理化性质变化规律
Changes of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties during the Process of Artemisia Vegetation Establishment in the Semi-Arid Sandy Land
DOI: 10.12677/HJSS.2019.73026, PDF,    国家科技经费支持
作者: 孙沛沛, 尹晓月, 范兴科：中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃省逆境生理生态重点实验室，甘肃 兰州；中国科学院大学，北京；钱朝菊, 马小飞*：中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃省逆境生理生态重点实验室，甘肃 兰州；王 进, 李小军：中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃省逆境生理生态重点实验室，甘肃 兰州；中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，沙坡头沙漠研究试验站，甘肃 兰州；燕 霞：中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃省逆境生理生态重点实验室，甘肃 兰州；中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室，甘肃 兰州；王 涛：中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃 兰州
关键词: 半干旱区；理化性质；植被建成；沙地土壤；Semi-Arid Area； Physical and Chemical Properties； Vegetation Construction； Sandy Soil
摘要: 半干旱区沙地生态恢复是我国生态文明建设的主战场之一，最近几十年来生态恢复成绩显著，但遗憾的是，之前的研究多局限于通过植被覆盖率和物种丰富度等指标反映生态恢复的效果，而忽视了植被恢复演替早期阶段土壤理化性质变化规律的系统研究。本研究选取了典型的半干旱沙地科尔沁沙地和毛乌素沙地生态恢复早期阶段的建群种油蒿–差巴嘎蒿群落，调查了不同发育程度的生物土壤结皮理化性质的变化规律。结果表明：两沙地中土壤随植被建成下理化性质变化规律为：1) 总碳、总氮、含水率和电导率均表现为藓类结皮 > 藻类结皮 > 少量物理结皮 > 流动沙丘；2) 全磷表现为藓类结皮 > 藻类结皮 > 流动沙丘 > 少量物理结皮；3) pH值从流动沙丘到藓类结皮的整个过程中变化不显著。土壤理化性质随土层深度的变化规律为：1) 总氮和总碳的含量变化分别为发育前期：中层和底层 > 表层，发育后期：中层和表层 > 底层；2) 电导率和全磷含量则表现为随着深度的增加而逐渐降低。这些结果为我们理解半干旱沙地植被建成过程中的土壤演化规律提供了重要参考。
Abstract: The ecological restoration of sandy land in semi-arid areas is one of the main battlefields for the construction of ecological civilization in China, which has been remarkable in recent decades. Un-fortunately, previous studies were limited to reflecting the effect of ecological restoration through indicators, such as vegetation coverage and species richness while ignoring the systematic study of the changes in soil physical and chemical properties in the early stage of vegetation restoration succession. In this study, the communities of Artemisia ordosica-Artemisia halodendron at the early stage of ecological restoration in the typical semi-arid sandy land of Horqin sandy land and Mu Us sandy land were selected to investigate the changes of the physical and chemical properties of bio-logical soil crust at different development levels. The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of soils under different development degrees in the two sandy had the following laws: 1) The value of total carbon, total nitrogen, water content and electrical conductivity were all ex-pressed as moss crusts > algae crusts > physical crusts > mobile sand. 2) The value of total phos-phorus expressed as moss crusts > algae crusts > mobile sand > physical crusts. 3) pH values did not change significantly among the four development stages. The changes of physical and chemical properties of soil at different developmental levels in the soil depth are as following : 1) In the early stage of soil development, the content of total nitrogen and total carbon increased with the increase of depth. At the later stage of soil development, the content of total nitrogen and total carbon de-creased with the increase of depth. 2) The conductivity and total phosphorus showed gradual de-crease with the increase of depth. These results provide an important reference for us to under-stand the laws of soil evolution during the construction of semi-arid sandy vegetation.
文章引用：孙沛沛, 钱朝菊, 尹晓月, 范兴科, 王进, 燕霞, 李小军, 马小飞, 王涛. 半干旱沙地蒿类植被建成过程中土壤理化性质变化规律[J]. 土壤科学, 2019, 7(3): 210-219. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJSS.2019.73026

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