“选择盲”现象在改变大学生自杀态度中的作用——基于情绪Stroop效应的研究

The Effect of “Choice Blindness” on Changing the Suicide Attitude of College Students—A Study Based on the Emotional Stroop Effect

摘要: 本实验旨在探究选择盲现象在改变大学生自杀态度中的作用。先用自杀态度问卷(QSA)收集信息，前测探究不同自杀态度的被试中性词、自杀词、其他消极词Stroop效应的差异，发现只有自杀词在不同自杀态度下差异显著，接受组明显慢于排斥组，为后测观察自杀态度改变提供前提条件。后测利用选择盲现象制作反转答卷并提问诱导被试自杀态度的改变，再观察Stroop效应的变化探究改变效果，发现被试在提问时无法发现这不是自己的真实态度，但改变操作前后Stroop效应差异不显著。研究表明：总体而言，自杀态度越偏向于接受，对自杀词的Stroop反应时越慢；虽然人们没有意识到自己的自杀态度选择被改变，但内隐认知变化不显著，需进一步完善方法以投入实践。

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of choice blindness in changing suicide atti-tudes of college students. First, the information was collected with the questionnaire of suicide attitude (QSA), and the differences in the Stroop effect towards neutral words, suicide words and other negative words of the subjects with different attitudes towards suicide were explored in the pretest. It was found that only suicide words showed significant differences under different attitudes to suicide, and the accepting group was significantly slower than the rejecting group, providing the premise for the observation of the change of suicide attitude in the posttest. The posttest used the phenomenon of choice blindness to produce the reversed answers and questions to induce the change of the participants’ attitude towards suicide. After observing the change of Stroop effect to explore the result, it was found that the subjects could not find that this was not their true attitude when asked questions, but the difference of Stroop effect between before and after the change was not significant. Studies have shown that: in general, the more acceptive the suicide attitudes are, the slower the response to the word Stroop is. Although people are not aware that their suicide attitude choice has been changed, the change of implicit cognition is not significant, and the method needs to be further improved to be put into practice.