论大学政策对考试利害关系者的影响：芝加哥大学入学政策改革和SAT考试案例分析
University Policy’s Impact on Test Stakeholders: A Case Study of the Policy Reform of University of Chicago Regarding SAT
摘要: SAT考试是美国大学要求申请人提交的成绩证明之一。2018年6月，芝加哥大学官方声明不再强制要求申请人提交SAT成绩，并有近200所大学预计做出同样决定。此改革在中国引起了一系列讨论，原因之一是中国学生SAT成绩非常有优势，故此政策可能对中国学生造成影响。本论文依托考试反拨效应和社会影响理论，探讨该政策和考试之间的关系，并重点研究学生对此政策的看法和感知。研究发现，政策改革对学生是否选择备考SAT无很大影响，同时学生认为考试成绩可以体现价值，是一种个人“投资”结果的呈现、并帮助他们加入未来的想像共同体。而且，考试对机构和教师的影响会间接作用到学生身上，对学生影响更大。最后，本研究给培训机构和备考课程教师提出了建议。
Abstract: The SAT test result is one of the application requirements of many universities in America. In June 2018, The University of Chicago stated that, starting from 2018, applicants did not need to submit SAT test result, and nearly 200 universities were expected to make the same decision. This policy reform has caused discussion in China. One possible reason is that Chinese students are said to have good SAT scores, and this policy may have an impact on Chinese students. Based on the theory of washback effect and societal impact, this paper explores the relationship between the policy and the test, with a particular focus on the students’ perception and point of view regarding University of Chicago’s policy. The study found that policy reform does not have significant impact on students’ choice to prepare for SAT. Also, students believe test score reflects their personal ability and value, and view the test result as the representation of their “investment” which can enable them to join the imagined community. Moreover, test impact on institutions and teachers will indirectly affect students, which may have a more significant impact on students. Finally, this study provides suggestions for institutions and test preparation course teachers.
文章引用：董礼. 论大学政策对考试利害关系者的影响：芝加哥大学入学政策改革和SAT考试案例分析[J]. 国外英语考试教学与研究, 2019, 1(3): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.12677/OETPR.2019.13012

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