亲子游戏对幼儿心理自立养成的个案研究

A Case Study on the Effects of Parent-Child Play on Children’s Psychological Independence

摘要: 采用A-B基线实验设计，综合问卷法、访谈法、观察法、知情人报告法，以亲子游戏为自变量，幼儿的心理自立–自我控制水平为因变量，分基线期、干预期和观察期三个阶段对幼儿进行个案研究，干预期内家长和幼儿参与亲子游戏活动，研究者通过《幼儿心理自立–自我控制观察表》观察到的目标行为次数、知情人报告，对研究对象心理自立–自我控制水平的改变进行综合评估。在亲子游戏干预结束的两周后，通过《3~6岁儿童心理自立–自我控制问卷》、《幼儿心理自立–自我控制观察表》、知情人报告对个案幼儿的心理自立–自我控制水平进行评估。研究结果表明个案幼儿在干预期和追踪期的心理自立–自我控制水平明显高于基线期，亲子游戏可以提高幼儿的心理自立–自我控制水平。

Abstract: This study adopts A-B baseline design of experiment, questionnaire, interview, observation and insider report in a comprehensive way. With parent-child play as the independent variable and children’s psychological independence, self control level as the dependent variable, the case study was divided into three stages: baseline, intervention and observation. During the intervention period, parents and children participated in parent-child games. Through using “children’s psychological independence, self control observation table” to observe the number of target behavior, and the reports of insiders, the researchers evaluated changes in the subject’s level of psychological independence, self control. Two weeks after the end of the parent-child play intervention, the children’s psychological independence, self control level was evaluated through the questionnaire for children aged 3-6 years old, the observation table for children’s psychological independence, self control, and the report of the insider. The results showed that the children’s level of psychological independence, self control in the intervention and follow-up periods was significantly higher than that in the baseline period, and parent-child play could improve the children’s level of psychological independence, self control.