弧形导管插入电子支气管镜诊疗不明原因胸腔积液的研究

Research of the Diagnosis andTreatment of Unexplained Pleural Effusion with Curved Bronchoscopy and Electronic Bronchoscopy

摘要: 目的：探讨通过弧形导管插入电子支气管镜代替内科胸腔镜诊疗不明原因胸腔积液的临床效果。方法：选52例呼吸内科2018年1月~2020年2月收治的不明原因胸腔积液患者。随机分成研究组和对照组。研究组应用弧形导管插入电子支气管镜检查及诊断；对照组只应用电子支气管镜进行检查及诊断。分析两组病患的胸腔积液的确诊率、手术时间、病理组织结果以及手术并发症情况。结果：研究组确诊率高于对照组(25/26~19/26，确诊率96%~73%)，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。不明原因胸腔积液病理诊断最多的为结核性胸膜炎，其次为恶性肿瘤。两组手术时间对比，研究组手术时间38.15 ± 7.5分钟；对照组手术时间52.23 ± 8.2分钟。两组差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较无统计学意义。结论：通过弧形导管插入电子支气管镜诊疗不明原因胸腔积液的诊断率更高、手术时间更短。疗效好，值得临床推广使用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical effect of the diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion of un-known cause by using electronic bronchoscope instead of medical thoracoscopy through arc cath-eter. Methods: Fifty-two patients with unexplained pleural effusion treated in the Department of Respiratory Medicine from January 2018 to February 2020 were selected, randomly divided into research group and control group. The research group used an arc bronchoscope for electronic bronchoscopy and diagnosis; the control group only used electronic bronchoscopy for examination and diagnosis. The definite diagnosis rate of pleural effusion, operation time, pathological tissue re-sults and surgical complications were analyzed. Results: The diagnosis rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group (25/26 - 19/26, the diagnosis rate was 96% - 73%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Tuberculous pleurisy with the most pathological diagnosis of pleural effusion of unknown origin is followed by malignant tumors. The operation time of the two groups was compared. The operation time of the study group was 38.15 ± 7.5 minutes; the operation time of the control group was 52.23 ± 8.2 minutes. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications was not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: The diagnosis rate of pleural effusion for unknown reasons is higher and the operation time is shorter with the bronchoscope inserted through the arc catheter. The curative effect is good and worthy of clinical promotion.