杭州市中小学教师压力现状及对策研究A Study on the Current Situation of Pressure on Primary and Middle School Teachers in Hangzhou and the Strategies to Deal with It

DOI: 10.12677/SA.2020.93038, PDF, HTML, XML, 下载: 52  浏览: 129

Abstract: This paper takes Hangzhou primary and middle school teachers as the survey group. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current situation of the group’s stress and to study the effective decompression measures. First of all, we use simple random sampling to obtain survey data, and use words and charts to describe the basic information and situation. Then, we mine association rules for the status quo of pressure and the factors affected by pressure, and analyze the degree and source of pressure in a contingency table to find the correlation between them. Thirdly, we use principal component analysis to reduce the dimension of influencing factors, use AHP to determine the weight of factors, and analyze the influencing factors of pressure. Through the binary logistic regression model, this paper makes a regression analysis of “whether teachers have burnout emotion”. Finally, the influence of stress factors on teacher satisfaction is studied, and the relevant stress reduction measures are studied according to the weight of each factor.

1. 引言

2. 样本量的确定

${N}_{1}=\frac{{t}^{2}{s}^{2}}{{\text{e}}^{2}}=\frac{{t}^{2}{s}^{2}}{{r}^{2}{\stackrel{¯}{x}}^{2}}=543$

${N}_{2}={N}_{1}\frac{x}{x+{N}_{1}}=543×\frac{72000}{72000+543}=539$

$N=\frac{{N}_{2}}{r}=\frac{543}{85%}=674$

3. 教师压力影响因素调查结果分析

3.1. 基于主成分分析的影响因素降维

Step 1：取样适当性检验

Table 1. The test of KMO and Bartlet

Step 2：提取因子 [5]

Table 2. Explanation table of total variance of principal component analysis

Step 3：对各个因子进行分析

Table 3. Load matrix after rotation

3.2. 基于层次分析确定因素权值

$A=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}1& 2& 3& 4\\ \frac{1}{2}& 1& 1& 2\\ \frac{1}{3}& 1& 1& 2\\ \frac{1}{4}& \frac{1}{2}& \frac{1}{2}& 1\end{array}\right)$

Table 4. The weight of each factor in the criterion layer of AHP

$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{Y}_{1}=0.60{X}_{1}+0.40{X}_{4}\hfill \\ {Y}_{2}=0.52{X}_{7}+0.48{X}_{8}\hfill \\ {Y}_{3}=0.31{X}_{5}+0.38{X}_{6}+0.31{X}_{9}\hfill \\ {Y}_{4}=0.27{X}_{2}+0.73{X}_{3}\hfill \end{array}$

${Y}_{n}=\frac{{Y}_{n}权值×{Y}_{n}得分}{Z}$$n=1,2,3,4$。其中，评价值越接近1表明影响程度越大，越接近0表示影响程度越小。

4. 基于二元Logistic回归对压力与职业倦怠的研究

4.1. 模型的选取与变量的选取

Table 5. Pearson chi square test of factors and burnout

Figure 1. Corresponding graph of dependent variable and independent variable

4.2. 模型的建立与求解

Table 6. Variables in equations

$\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{ln}\left(\frac{p}{1-p}\right)=23.32-1.02{X}_{11}-0.54{X}_{12}+0.34{X}_{13}-2.00{X}_{14}-1.09{X}_{21}-0.21{X}_{22}-1.42{X}_{31}\\ \text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}-2.09{X}_{32}-0.83{X}_{41}+0.35{X}_{42}+1.48{X}_{43}-20.47{X}_{51}-21.30{X}_{52}-21.63{X}_{53}-21.64{X}_{54}\end{array}$

4.3. 模型的应用

Table 7. Burnout rate of typical teachers

5. 建议

5.1. 经济方面

5.2. 绩效方面

5.3. 教师个人方面

5.4. 社会地位

6. 结束语

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