基于熵权的模糊物元模型在河流健康评价中的应用研究

Application of Fuzzy Matter-Element Model Based on Entropy Weight in River Health Assessment

摘要: 近年来，河流健康状况受人类发展影响而不断恶化，合理地进行河流健康评价渐渐成为河流管理最重要的部分，但是同时考虑受闸坝高度调控河流的自然和社会两种属性的健康评价工作开展较少。本文从水文、水质、水生态和社会服务四个方面构建了一套新的河流健康综合评价指标体系，并将评价等级分为5个等级，包括I (理想状况)、II (健康)、III (亚健康)、IV (不健康)、V (病态)。选取沙颍河代表性的周口、界首和颍上断面，运用基于熵权的模糊物元模型对这三个断面进行了应用研究。从研究结果可知，三个断面均处于亚健康状况，尽管其健康状况优于IV和V等级，但是仍需持续开展沙颍河的河流管理工作。此外，本文还比较了各个选取指标的重要性并通过设置不同的情景对将河流社会属性纳入指标体系的必要性进行讨论，论证了在河流健康评价中考虑社会服务指标是十分必要的。本文研究成果对于更全面地评价河流健康状态、制订河流健康保护措施具有重要的参考价值。

Abstract: In recent years, the health status of rivers has been deteriorating under the influence of human development, and reasonable river health assessment has gradually become the most important part of river management. However, the health assessment of highly regulated rivers considering both natural and social attributes is rarely carried out. In this paper, a new river health evaluation indicator system is constructed, which integrated four aspects of hydrology, water quality, water ecology and social services. The evaluation grades are divided into five grades, including I (ideal condition), II (health), III (sub-health), IV (unhealth), V (serious illness). The Zhoukou, Jieshou and Yingshang sections at Shaying River are selected to be evaluated using the fuzzy matter-element model based on entropy weight. According to the evaluation results, the three sections are all in sub-health condition. Although they are in better health conditions compared to the rivers in grade IV and V, the river management of Shaying River still needs to be carried out continuously. In addition, it also compares the importance of each selected indicator and discusses the necessity of incorporating the river social attribute into the indicator system by setting different scenarios. It is concluded that it is very necessary to consider the social service indicator. The research results of this paper have important reference values for more comprehensive evaluation of river health status and decision making of river health protection measures.