基于区块链技术下法定数字货币架构要素研究

Research on the Elements of Legal Digital Currency Architecture Based on Blockchain Technology

摘要: 为了最大化地利用区块链带来的创新功能，又能驾驭区块链应用给央行货币这一传统中心化体系带来的挑战和冲击，以满足中心化管理的需要。本研究将尝试从中国人民银行推出的数字货币DC/EP的架构分析入手，探讨基于区块链的数字货币如何应用于央行法定数字货币及其支付体系外沿的可行性方案，并得出使用区块链并不一定就会是以中心化管理为主要特征的央行数字货币的阻碍，相反还会成为其进入不同市场应用的架构基础和和现有方案的有益补充等结论。本研究创新性地提出了基于默克尔树(Merkle Tree)的扩展C-Tree，为央行数字货币基于区块链的实现提供了一个技术基础。在C-Tree基础上，本研究构建了一个双层区块链系统，使得数字货币系统能够满足央行的各种要求。本研究对法定数字货币方案研究有着推动作用。

Abstract: In order to maximize the use of the innovative functions brought by the blockchain, and to manage the challenges and impacts of the blockchain application to the traditional centralized system of central bank currency, to meet the needs of centralized management, this research will try to start with the analysis of the architecture of the digital currency DC/EP launched by the People’s Bank of China, explore how the blockchain-based digital currency can be applied to the central bank’s legal digital currency and the feasibility of its payment system, and draw the conclusions. Blockchain is not necessarily an obstacle to the central bank’s digital currency, which is mainly characterized by centralized management. On the contrary, it will become the architectural foundation for its entry into different market applications and a useful supplement to existing solutions. This research promotes the research of legal digital currency solutions.