自我控制影响抑郁易感儿童的撒谎行为

Self-Control Affects Lying Behavior in Depression-Susceptible Children

摘要: 自我控制能力和自我控制资源有着不同的心理机制，正确认识二者有助于了解抑郁易感儿童在撒谎行为上的差异。本研究主要采用行为实验从不同的视角考察抑郁易感儿童在撒谎上的差异。本研究的实验1采用一个量表选择抑郁易感的儿童完成一个任务考察自我控制对撒谎行为的影响。结果发现相比于正常儿童，拥有较低自我控制能力的抑郁易感儿童将会出现更多的撒谎行为。实验2采用Stroop范式探索抑郁易感的儿童在衰竭下条件的自我控制资源对撒谎行为的影响。结果发现相比于正常儿童，处于衰竭条件下的抑郁易感儿童出现更多的撒谎行为。实验3在实验2的基础上添加自我控制资源恢复的条件考察抑郁易感儿童在撒谎行为上的影响。结果发现抑郁易感儿童在自我控制资源恢复的条件下减少撒谎行为的发生。这些研究结果表明，在较低自我控制能力和在自我控制资源衰竭的条件下，抑郁易感儿童都有较大的可能会出现撒谎行为。当自我控制资源得到恢复时，抑郁易感儿童的撒谎行为反而会减少。这样的结论说明了抑郁易感儿童的自我控制比较低，在需要克制不道德行为出现的意志比较弱。但是若他们的自我控制资源得到恢复，这些撒谎行为也会得到减少。

Abstract: Self-control ability and self-control resources have different psychological mechanisms. Our correct understanding of self-control ability and self-control resources helps to understand the differences in the lying behavior of depression-susceptible children. This study mainly uses behavioral experiments to examine the differences in lying behavior among depression-susceptible children from different perspectives. Experiment 1 uses a scale to screen depression-susceptible children for visual-perceptual tasks to investigate the influence of self-control on lying behavior. The results of this study found that depression-susceptible children with lower self-control ability will show more lying behaviors than normal children. Experiment 2 uses the Stroop task to investigate the influence of depression-susceptible children on lying behavior under the condition of exhaustion of self-control resources. The results of this study found that compared with normal children, depression-susceptible children under exhaustion have more lying behaviors. Experiment 3 adds self-control resource recovery conditions based on Experiment 2 to investigate the performance of depressive susceptible children in lying behavior. The results of this study found that children susceptible to depression reduce the occurrence of lying behaviors when self-control resources are restored. These findings indicate that under conditions of lower self-control ability and under conditions of exhaustion of self-control resources, depression-susceptible children are more likely to have lying behaviors. When self-control resources are restored, the lying behavior of depression-susceptible children will decrease. This conclusion shows that depression-susceptible children have relatively low self-control and are weaker in the need to restrain immoral behaviors. If their self-control resources are restored, these lying behaviors will also be reduced.