基于层次分析法的城市沉降监测方案优选

An Optimal Selection Method of Urban Subsidence Monitoring Based on AHP

摘要: 沉降监测能够及时有效地反映地面高程变化，为城市快速发展提供重要的技术保障和决策建议。然而，城市沉降监测方案的选择往往受预算和区域等因素的影响，传统的方案选择随意性大且主观性强，难以达到观测精度和经济成本之间的平衡。针对上述问题，本文提出了基于层次分析法的城市沉降监测方案优选策略，通过判断矩阵构建、一致性检验以及影响因子权重计算，采用定性与定量相结合的决策分析方法对某城市地面沉降观测方案进行了综合评价。实验结果表明，利用GPS进行地面沉降监测的方案要优于传统水准测量，GPS沉降观测在满足精度的同时，有效节约了人力、时间和经济成本，相关成果可以为其他测绘工程方案选择提供借鉴。

Abstract: Subsidence monitoring can effectively reflect the changes of ground elevation in time and provide important technical support and decision-making suggestions for the rapid development of cities. However, the selection of urban subsidence monitoring is often affected by factors such as budget, region, etc., the traditional method is arbitrary and subjective, and difficult to balance the observa-tion accuracy and economic cost. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes an optimal se-lection method of urban subsidence monitoring based on AHP. Through the construction of judg-ment matrix, consistency test and weight calculation of influence factors, the qualitative and quan-titative decision analysis method is used to comprehensively evaluate the land subsidence observa-tion scheme in a specific city. The experimental results show that the scheme of using GPS to moni-tor the land subsidence in this city is better than the traditional leveling. The GPS observation can meet the accuracy and effectively save manpower, time and economic costs. The relevant results can provide reference for the selection of other surveying and mapping projects.