不同孵化组合对红耳龟胚胎发育的影响

Effects of Different Hatching Combinations on Embryonic Development of Red-Eared Tortoise

摘要: 为探究陆生龟类胚胎间是否存在信息交流，本实验以红耳龟(Trachemys scripta elegans)为研究对象，将150枚龟卵随机均分为两组，分别置于27℃和31℃下孵化，分别在孵化15 d (第一个1/4孵化期)、30 d (第二个1/4孵化期)后，从I、II两组各取17枚卵组成第III、第IV组在27℃下混合孵化，检测各组胚胎的心率、孵化期及孵化率。结果显示：第III组整体孵化率和追溯卵的首次分组情况后孵化率都领先于其他各组，第IV组在追溯了卵的第二次分组情况后孵化率也较第I、II组有一定的上升。第I组破壳高峰期在第95~98 d，第II组破壳高峰期在第63~64 d，而第III、IV组破壳时间在I、II组之间。与第I组胚胎心率差异显著性比较可知，第III组和第IV组组合中的第I组的胚胎心率进程明显加快，说明第III、IV两组内的胚胎能够互相影响，推测可能通过信息交流促使发育进度不同的胚胎趋于同步孵化，有助于降低稚龟破壳初期被天敌捕食的比率。

Abstract: To explore whether information exchange existed between terrestrial turtle embryos, this experiment took the red-eared turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) as the research object, and 150 turtle eggs were randomly and equally divided into two groups and incubated at 27˚C and 31˚C, respectively. After incubation for 15 d (the first quarter incubation period), and 30 d (after the second quarter incubation period), 17 eggs were collected from each of the two groups I and II to form group III and group IV, and then they were mixed and incubated at 27˚C. The heart rate, incubation period and hatchability of the embryos in each group were detected. The results showed that the overall hatchability and the hatchability after tracing the first grouping of eggs of group III were superior to other groups, while the hatchability of group IV after tracing the second group of eggs was also increased to a certain extent compared with groups I and II. The peak period of shelling in group I was 95~98 days, the peak period of shelling in group II was 63~64 days, and the time of shelling in groups III and IV was between I and II. The heart rate progression of the embryos from group I combined in groups III and IV was significantly faster than that of the initial group I, indicating that the embryos in Groups III and IV could influence each other, and it was speculated that the information exchange might promote the synchronous hatching of embryos with different development progress, which helps to reduce the rate of predation by natural enemies in the early stage of hatchling.