马克思地租理论的划时代意义

The Epoch-Making Significance of Marx’s Land Rent Theory

摘要: 首先说明问题的提出及本主题的研究意义。然后重点论证马克思地租理论的划时代意义：厘清了地租与利润的关系，首次科学揭示了地租的本质是超额利润；丰富和发展了级差地租理论，首次科学构建了级差地租理论体系；创立了绝对地租理论，从而首次完善了地租理论体系；全面而科学地研究“垄断地租”，从而扩展了“地租”概念的外延；界定了土地的所有权和经营权，首次阐明了资本主义生产方式的历史前提。最后指出马克思地租理论对于我国当前实行的土地“三权分置”以优化农地流转机制有着重要的现实指导意义。

Abstract: First, explain the question and the significance of this topic. Then focus on the epoch-making significance of Marx’s land rent theory: clarify the relationship between land rent and profit, and scientifically reveal for the first time that the essence of land rent is excess profit; enrich and develop the differential land rent theory, and scientifically construct the differential land rent theory system for the first time; create absolute land rent theory, thus perfecting the theoretical system of land rent for the first time; comprehensively and scientifically study “monopoly land rent”, thereby expanding the extension of the concept of “land rent”; define land ownership and management rights, and expound the historical premise of the capitalist mode of production for the first time. Finally, it is pointed out that Marx’s land rent theory has important practical guiding significance for optimizing the mechanism of farmland transfer through the “three rights separation” of land in China.