地幔柱的研究现状、基本特征及研究意义

Research Status, Basic Characteristics and Significance of Mantle Plume

摘要: 本文对地幔柱的发展和来源进行了阐述，这些年来，许多的学者针对地幔柱的问题作出假设，并且运用深部探测的方式来不断完善地幔柱模型，以及利用正确的模拟方式证明了该假说的正确性，以及对于地幔柱理论进行了一系列的研究，例如地幔柱的化学成分特征、形态特征、形成的过程、证据、以及动力学模式。由于有重力分离的作用和地球的自传影响，会发生差异的旋转和圈层的分化，是因为地球的动能会逐渐靠近地核，地球的质量会逐渐靠近地心。地幔柱和液核对流需要很大的能量才能进行，而正是靠地核旋转时产生的强大的能量，旋转时产生的阻力会逐渐变成热能，这些热能在核幔边界的位置集聚成所需要的能量。同时地幔柱就来源于这个能量强大的位置。还阐明了地幔柱可以更好地解释太古宙科马提岩的形成过程、大陆溢流玄武岩的形成原因、海平面上升和全球气候变暖以及地磁极性的变化等。对研究地球的深部动力学机制产生了重大意义。

Abstract: This paper expounds the development and source of mantle plume. In recent years, many scholars have made assumptions about the problem of mantle plume, continuously improved the mantle plume model by means of deep exploration, proved the correctness of the hypothesis by using the correct simulation method, and conducted a series of studies on the theory of mantle plume, such as the chemical composition characteristics of mantle plume Morphological characteristics, formation process, evidence, and dynamic model. Due to the effect of gravity separation and the influence of the earth’s autobiography, differential rotation and sphere differentiation will occur because the earth’s kinetic energy will gradually approach the earth’s core and the earth’s mass will gradually approach the earth’s core. The convection of mantle plume and liquid core requires a lot of energy, and it is the strong energy generated by the rotation of the earth’s core that the resistance generated during the rotation will gradually become heat energy, which will gather into the required energy at the position of the core mantle boundary. At the same time, the mantle plume comes from this powerful position. It is also clarified that the mantle plume can better explain the formation process of Archeankomatiite, the formation cause of continental overflow basalt, sea-level rise, global warming and the change of geomagnetic polarity. It is of great significance to study the deep dynamic mechanism of the earth.