滚动轴承故障程度与静电传感器监测性能实验分析

Experimental Analysis of Rolling Bearing Fault Degree and Monitoring Performance of Electrostatic Sensor

摘要: 滚动轴承作为轨道车辆传动部件的重要组成部分，其性能退化或失效会直接影响轨道车辆的正常行驶。由于轨道车辆长期处于变速度工况下，为将其故障控制在较小范围内，引入一种能够实时在线监测轴承早期故障程度的静电监测技术。以滚动轴承为对象，搭建基于静电监测原理的实验平台，研究同一探极尺寸的传感器，对不同故障程度轴承的监测效果；研究传感器探极尺寸不同时，对相同故障程度轴承的监测效果；研究传感器探极尺寸不同时，各个静电传感器监测的有效视场。结果表明，静电传感器监测滚动轴承状况，能够判断出滚动轴承发生故障以及故障程度的可行性。

Abstract: Rolling bearings are an important part of rail vehicle’s transmission components, and their performance degradation or failure will directly affect rail vehicle’s normal driving. Due to rail vehicles being under variable speed conditions for a long time, in order to control their faults within a small range, an electrostatic monitoring technology that can monitor the early faults of bearings in real-time is introduced. Taking rolling bearings as the object, an experimental platform based on the principle of electrostatic monitoring was built to study the monitoring effects of sensors with the same probe size on bearings with different fault degrees. The monitoring effect of different sensor probe sizes on bearing with same fault degree is studied. The effective field of view monitored by each electrostatic sensor with different probe sizes is studied. The results show that electrostatic sensor monitors the condition of the rolling bearing and can judge the feasibility of faults and fault degrees of rolling bearings.