对双缝干涉实验和延迟选择实验中单光子的探讨

Discussion on the Implications of Single Photon in Double Slit Interference and Delay Selection Experiments

摘要: 在著名的双缝干涉实验中，存在着单光子同时通过两个狭缝的困扰，在分光延迟实验中，存在单光子路径和因果关系的困扰，本文通过对不同情况下单光子含义的分析，认为造成这些问题的实质是对单光子的理解问题，传统意义上的单光子(能量hf)是能量为h的f个波包，我们将一个波包作为光的一个基本单元，则我们传统意义上发射一个光子，其实是发射了f个波包，我们把一个波包理解成一个光子，这些困扰就都不存在了。我们将传统意义上的单光子比作一滴水，一个波包就相当于水分子，水在空气中会气化成水分子，传统意义上的一个光子在空间也会分散成微小的波包，水分子在空间的运行路径我们看不到，同样的，光的波包我们也不能确定它的运行路径。本文还对传统意义上的单光子实验做了预测，当发射一个传统意义上的单光子时，如果降低单光子的检测能量，就在分光实验的两路上都能检测到光子，这样就能够证实传统意义上的单光子是否可分，是否是真正的单光子。

Abstract: In the famous double-slit interference experiment, there is a problem that a single photon passes through two slits at the same time. In the splitting delay experiment, there is a problem of single-photon path and causality. In this paper, through the analysis of the meaning of single photon in different situations, it is believed that the essence of these problems is the understanding of single photons. A single photon (energy hf) in the traditional sense is f wave packets with energy h. We take a wave packet as a basic unit of light, then we traditionally mean when a photon is emitted, it actually emits f wave packets. We understand a wave packet as a photon, and these troubles do not exist. We compare a single photon in the traditional sense to a drop of water, a wave packet is equivalent to a water molecule, water will be vaporized into water molecules in the air, and a photon in the traditional sense will also be scattered into tiny wave packets in space. We cannot see the running path of molecules in space, and similarly, we cannot determine the running path of the wave packet of light. This paper also predicts the single photon experiment in the traditional sense. When a single photon in the traditional sense is emitted, if the detection energy of the single photon is reduced, the photons can be detected on both paths of the spectroscopic experiment, which can confirm the whether the single photon in the traditional sense is separable and whether it is a real single photon.