从俄罗斯过境运输案谈安全例外条款的适用

On the Application of the Security Exception Clause in the Case of Russian Transit Transportation

摘要: 国家安全例外条款具有很长的历史，在国际多边贸易条约，区域贸易条约以及双边的投资条约中往往都规定有国家安全例外条款。国家安全例外条款具有双重性，既是保护国家安全的安全阀，又往往被用作贸易保护的工具。国家安全例外条款由于其模糊性，导致在实践中常常被扩张适用。俄罗斯的跨境运输案是WTO争端解决机构首次对国家安全例外条款进行解释，解释了该条款的适用，但仍有不足之处。

Abstract: The national security exception clause has a long history. It is often provided in international multilateral trade treaties, regional trade treaties and bilateral investment treaties. The national security exception clause has a dual character, which is not only a safety valve to pro-tect national security, but also often used as a tool for trade protection. Because of its ambiguity, the national security exception clause is often applied in practice. Russia’s cross-border transport case is the first time that the WTO Dispute settlement body has interpreted the national security excep-tion clause and explained the application of this clause, but there are still some deficiencies.