“游泳”词汇化进程及成因分析

An Analysis of the Lexical Process of “Swimming” and Its Causes

摘要: 词汇化也常称为“词化”，是指原来非词的语言形式在历时发展中变为词的过程。词汇化与语法化一样都是语言单位从理据清晰到理据模糊、从分立到融合的变化。双音词占据了现代汉语词汇系统的主体，其在历时上的产生和发展就是一个不断词化的过程。双音词的词化过程也一直是词汇学研究的重点之一，通过对双音词词化过程的分析，可以更好地研究词汇演变的轨迹。本文以“游泳”为研究对象，从“游”和“泳”的历时演变过程，分析并列式双音词“游泳”的形成路径以及成词原因，联系相关理论，进一步说明“游泳”的成词机制。力求通过对“游泳”的分析，对类似的同义并列式双音词的词汇化研究提供研究思路、方法和模式。

Abstract: Lexicalization, also known as “lexicalization”, is the process by which non-word language forms become words during diachronic development. Lexicalization, like grammaticalization, is the process by which language units transi-tion from clear motivation to vague motivation, from separation to integration. Disyllabic words constitute the majority of the modern Chinese vocabulary system, and their diachronic emergence and development is a continuous lexicalization process. The process of lexicalization of disyllabic words has long been a focus of lexicology research. We can better study the track of vocabulary evolution by analyzing the lexicalization process of disyllabic words. Using “swimming” as the re-search object, this paper examines the diachronic evolution process of “swimming” and “swimming”, analyzing the formation path and reason of the parallel disyllabic word “swimming”, and then goes on to explain the word formation mechanism of “swimming” by relating it to pertinent theories. The author attempts to offer research concepts, methodologies, and models for the lexicalization of comparable synonymous and paratactic disyllabic terms through the investigation of the word “swimming”.