注意和期望对间断计时行为的影响

Influence of Attention and Expectation on Interrupted Timing Behavior

摘要: 使用单任务研究程序，预期式研究范式，以产生时距作为反应指标，通过两个实验考察短时距估计中的间断位置、间断时距和提示线索效应，揭示注意和间断期望对短时距估计的影响。研究结果表明，间断实验中表现出极其显著的提示线索效应，间断位置(等待时距)效应显著，间断时距效应及间断位置与间断时距的交互效应不显著。由此得出：1) 注意是影响被试时间判断的主要因素，被试的产生时距随着等待时距的增加而延长。2) 被试对间断的期望显著地影响其时间估计行为，无间断实验条件下，间断期望有损于时间估计。

Abstract: Based on previous theories and studies, we selected the prospective paradigm and creatively used the single-task program in this research. Experiments were conducted with geometric stimulus presented in visual mode, we aimed at exploring the effect of break position (waiting duration), break duration, and the effect of expecting a break. At the same time, the relationship between duration production and the break po-sition was further investigated. The results showed that the effect of break position (waiting duration) is sig-nificant. The cue factor nested in experimental conditions shows a significant effect. The effect of the break duration and the combined effect of the break duration and the break position are not discovered in this ex-periment. Two main conclusions are drawn from this study: 1) Attention is an important factor which influ-ences subjects’ interrupted timing behavior, the break position may, at some extent, lengthen duration estima-tion. 2) Subjects’ expecting of a break in timing tasks influences their timing behavior. Subjects produce the shorter value of duration estimation in the cued conditions of trails without breaks than in the uncued condi-tions of trails without breaks.