生物炭对农田土壤中氮循环及氧化亚氮产生的影响与机理
Effect and Mechanism of Biochar on Nitrogen Cycle and Nitrous Oxide Production in Farmland Soil
DOI: 10.12677/OJNS.2023.112029, PDF,   
作者: 范红叶, 叶孝杰, 吴文豪：浙江树人学院生物与环境工程学院，浙江 杭州；王泽宇*：浙江树人学院交叉科学研究院，浙江 杭州
关键词: N2O；氮循环；硝态氮；铵态氮；生物炭；N2O； Nitrogen Cycle； Nitrate Nitrogen； Ammonium Nitrogen； Biochar
摘要: 氧化亚氮(N2O)作为温室气体和臭氧层破坏者备受学者关注，其中农田土壤是非人为条件下N2O最主要的排放源。土壤中参与氮素循环的生物/非生物过程中复杂多变，探索不同路径的氮转化机制以及对N2O的贡献度有助于对N2O减排提供机理剖析。生物炭因其高孔隙度、强吸附性、化学稳定性和大阳离子交换量等优点，会对土壤中氮素的转化产生直接/间接的影响，并显著改善/恶化土壤N2O排放。因此，总结了生物炭对土壤生态系统中氮素的转化与N2O排放的研究现状，分别论述了生物炭对无机氮循环与N2O排放的影响，并从生物炭吸附、影响土壤理化性质、群落结构多样性以及关键功能基因等方面揭示了其作用机制。基于以上内容，对今后生物炭在N2O增汇减排领域的进一步理论研究和相关技术推广进行了展望。
Abstract: Nitrous oxide (N2O) as a greenhouse gas and ozone layer destroyer has attracted much attention from scholars, and farmland soil is the main source of N2O emissions under non-human conditions. The biotic/abiotic processes involved in the nitrogen cycle in soil are complex and changeable. Exploring the nitrogen transformation mechanism of different pathways and the contribution to N2O will help provide a mechanism analysis for N2O emission reduction. Due to its advantages of high porosity, strong adsorption, chemical stability and large cation exchange capacity, biochar can have direct/indirect effects on nitrogen transformation in soil and significantly improve/worse soil N2O emissions. Therefore, this paper summarizes the research status of biochar on nitrogen transformation and N2O emission in soil ecosystems, discusses the effects of biochar on inorganic nitrogen cycle and N2O emission, and discusses the effects of biochar adsorption, soil physical and chemical properties, and community structure. Diversity as well as key functional genes revealed its mechanism of action. Based on the above content, the further theoretical research and related technology promotion of biochar in the field of N2O sink emission reduction in the future are prospected.
文章引用：范红叶, 叶孝杰, 吴文豪, 王泽宇. 生物炭对农田土壤中氮循环及氧化亚氮产生的影响与机理[J]. 自然科学, 2023, 11(2): 243-252. https://doi.org/10.12677/OJNS.2023.112029

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