正念觉知对大学生亲社会行为和困难问题的影响：自我怜悯的中介作用

The Impact of Mindful Awareness on Prosocial Behavior and Difficult Problems in College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion

摘要: 目的：探究大学生自我怜悯水平和正念觉知水平对亲社会行为和困难问题的影响。方法：采用方便取样，以网络问卷形式选取来自全国各地的393名在校大学生进行问卷调查，调查问卷包括一般人口学资料，正念注意觉知量表，自悯量表与长处和困难问卷等。结果：1) 正念觉知显著正向预测亲社会行为(β = 0.179, p < 0.01)，正念觉知直接显著负向预测困难问题(β = −0.453, p < 0.01)；2) 自我怜悯在正念觉知与困难问题之间起部分中介作用(间接效应0.169)，在正念觉知与亲社会行为之间起完全中介作用(直接效应0.065)。结论：正念觉知、自我怜悯与亲社会行为和困难问题关系密切，自我怜悯在其中发挥中介作用，且正念觉知直接影响困难问题。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of self-compassion level and mindful awareness level on prosocial behavior and difficult problems in college students. Methods: A total of 393 college students from all over the country were selected in the form of network questionnaire with convenient sampling. The questionnaire included general demographic data, Mindful Awareness Scale, Compassion Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: 1) Mindfulness awareness positively predicted prosocial behavior (β = 0.179, p < 0.01), and directly negatively predicted difficult problems (β = −0.453, p < 0.01). 2) Self-compassion partially mediates the relationship between mindful aware-ness and difficult problems (indirect effect 0.169), and fully mediates the relationship between mindful awareness and prosocial behavior (direct effect 0.065). Conclusion: Mindful awareness and self-compassion are closely related to prosocial behavior and difficult problems. Self- compassion plays a mediating role, and mindful awareness directly affects difficult problems.