模糊控制在直流无刷电机控制系统中的应用

The Application of Fuzzy Control to Brushless DC Motor Control System

摘要: 直流无刷电机控制系统是多变量、时变和非线性的复杂大系统，本文针对简单PID控制方法在电机启动阶段具有较大超调以及在负载跳变时抗负载扰动能力不足的问题，提出了改进方案：电机控制系统的速度环采用参数自整定模糊PID控制。在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建直流无刷电机矢量控制的仿真模型，通过仿真结果验证了所选控制方案的可行性。将该控制方案的仿真结果与简单PID控制的仿真结果相比较可得响应时间缩短了40%、超调量降低了3.5%、转矩扰动减小了30%，表明模糊PID控制可有效地提高控制系统的精确度、灵敏度和鲁棒性。

Abstract: The brushless direct current motor control system is a complex one with multi-variables, time-variability and non-linear. Regarding to the problems of large overshoot of simple PID control method in the motor start-up phase and insufficiency of anti-load disturbance ability when the load fluctuates suddenly, this thesis proposes an improved program. Parameter self-tuning fuzzy-PID control method is used for the speed loop of the motor control system. The brushless direct current motor’s vector control simulation model is built by using Matlab/Simulink, and the results of simulation verified the selected control scheme’s feasibility. Compared with the simulation result of this control program and that of simple PID, which has demonstrated that the system response time was reduced 40%, the overshoot was decreased 3.5% and the torque disturbance was dropped 30%. This shows that the fuzzy PID control is effective to improve the accuracy, sensitivity and robustness of the control system.