气候难民国际法保护的挑战及应对

Challenges and Responses to the Protection of Climate Refugees under International Law

摘要: 近年来，全球气候危机的出现，因全球气候变暖导致冰川融化，海平面上升，一些海拔较低的国家领土被淹没，对人类的生存提出了前所未有的挑战。目前现行国际法对气候难民的保护不力，国际难民多边条约的适用障碍、国际人权法等在保护气候难民方面存在着不足。因此，各国应当明确保护气候难民的必要性，对气候难民做出统一定义，完善现有国际法律制度以保护气候难民，共同构建保护气候难民的多边合作机制。

Abstract: In recent years, the emergence of the global climate crisis, due to global warming leading to melting glaciers, rising sea levels, and the submersion of the territories of some countries at lower altitudes, poses unprecedented challenges to the survival of mankind. At present, the protection of climate refugees in existing international law is inadequate, and there are deficiencies in the application of multilateral international refugee treaties and international human rights law. Therefore, countries should clarify the necessity of protecting climate refugees, make a unified definition of climate refugees, improve the existing international legal system to protect climate refugees, and jointly build a multilateral cooperation mechanism for the protection of climate refugees.