龙江河镉污染事故情景下的健康危害评价
Health Hazard Assessment under the Cd Pollution Accident Scenarios in Longjiang River
DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2013.21003, PDF, HTML,  被引量 下载: 3,576  浏览: 10,974  科研立项经费支持
作者: 窦 明*, 马崇杰, 李桂秋：郑州大学水利与环境学院；包淑萍：宁夏水文水资源勘测局
关键词: 龙江河；镉污染；重金属模型；健康危害评价；Longjiang River; Cd Pollution; Heavy Metal Model; Health Hazard Assessment
摘要: 以2012年广西龙江河镉污染事故为背景，建立了一维重金属模型，结合实测资料对模型进行验证；设定多个突发镉污染事故情景，运用重金属模型模拟镉在水体中的运移过程；提出健康危害评价方法，定量评价事故给柳州市带来的人群健康危害。结果表明：在龙江河镉污染事故真实背景下对柳州市造成的健康危害较小；镉排放强度的提高，会增加下游柳州市居民急性中毒的几率；镉排放总量和事故发生频次的增加，则会加大当地居民的慢性致癌风险；事故发生时应控制在事故地点以下80 km范围内禁止取用水。
Abstract: Based on the Cd pollution accident in LongjiangRiverin 2012, one-dimensional heavy metal model is built, and its parameters are calibrated by the monitored data. According to the designed data of Cd pollution accident scenarios, the movement process of Cd in the river is simulated by the model. The assessment method of health hazard is built to assess the health hazards caused by the pollution accident. The results show that the health hazard under the real accident background on the people of Liuzhou city is little; the rise of Cd discharge intensity will increase the acute toxicity probability of the people in Liuzhou city; the rise of Cd discharge quantity and frequency will increase the chronic carcinogenesis risk of the people in Liuzhou city; and that water intake and water use actions from the80 kmlong reach downward the accident place should be forbidden during the accident.
文章引用：窦明, 包淑萍, 马崇杰, 李桂秋. 龙江河镉污染事故情景下的健康危害评价[J]. 水资源研究, 2013, 2(1): 14-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2013.21003

参考文献

[1] 杨文慧, 杨宇. 河流健康概念及诊断指标体系的构建[J]. 水资源保护, 2006, 22(6): 28-30. YANG Wenhui, YANG Yv. Concept and assessment indicator system of river health. Water Resources Protection, 2006, 22(6): 28-30. (in Chinese)
[2] 蔡守华, 胡欣. 河流健康的概念及指标体系和评价方法[J]. 水利水电科技进展, 2008, 28(1): 23-27. CAI Shouhua, HU Xin. Concept of river health and index system for its evaluation. Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resource, 2008, 28(1): 23-27. (in Chinese)
[3] 杨文慧, 严忠民, 吴建华. 河流健康评价的研究进展[J]. 河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2005, 33(6): 607-611. YANG Wenhui, YAN Zhongmin and WU Jianhua. Advances in river health assessment. Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences), 2005, 33(6): 607-611. (in Chinese)
[4] 高继军, 张力平, 黄圣彪, 等. 北京市饮用水源水重金属污染物健康风险的初步评价[J]. 环境科学, 2004, 25(2): 47-50. GAO Jijun, ZHANG Liping, HUANG Shengbiao, et al. Preli- minary health risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking waters in Beijing. Environmental Science, 2004, 25(2): 47-50. (in Chinese)
[5] 耿福明, 薛联青, 陆桂华, 等. 饮用水源水质健康危害的风险度评价[J]. 水利学报, 2006, 37(10): 1242-1245. GENG Fuming, XUE Lianqing, LU Guihua, et al. Water quality health-hazard risk assessment on drinking water supply sources. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2006, 37(10): 1242-1245. (in Chinese)
[6] 张映映, 冯流, 刘征涛. 长江口区域水体半挥发性有机污染物健康风险评价[J]. 环境科学研究, 2007, 20(1): 18-23. ZHANG Yingying, FENG Liu and LIU Zhengtao. Health risk assessment on semivolatile organic compounds in water of Yangtze estuary area. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2007, 20(1): 18-23. (in Chinese)
[7] 窦明, 马军霞, 谢平, 等. 河流重金属污染物迁移转化的数值模拟[J]. 水电能源科学, 2007, 25(3): 22-25. DOU Ming, MA Junxia, XIE Ping, et al. Numerical simulation for the transformation process of heavy metal contamination transport in rivers. Water Resources and Power, 2007, 25(3): 22- 25. (in Chinese)
[8] 窦明, 马军霞, 毕宏伟, 李桂秋. 北江突发镉污染事故的健康危害评价[J]. 河海大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 37(6): 655- 659. DOU Ming, MA Junxia, BI Hongwei and LI Guiqiu. Health hazard assessment of emergent cadmium pollution accidents in Beijiang River. Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences), 2009, 37(6): 655-659. (in Chinese)