葛兰西主义视域下中东政治风潮的成因—一种“市民社会与文化领导权”的视角

The Gramscianism Perspective of the Causes of the Political Turmoil in the Middle East—A “Civil Society and Cultural Leadership” Perspective

摘要: 作为对20世纪初期共产主义运动的深刻反思而得出的结论，葛兰西主义——以市民社会和文化领导权为核心的西方革命观——深刻揭示了随着市场经济的发展，社会结构所发生的改变及其意义。运用葛兰西主义的基本理论分析当代中东的市民社会，可以看出力量薄弱，具有社会契约性和伊斯兰性的双重属性是其两大特征。中东各国政府没有适应市民社会的产生而取得文化领导权也是导致此次剧变发生的重要原因之一。

Abstract: As the conclusion of communist movement in early twentieth century, Gramscianism, the western perspective of revolution that civil society and cultural leadership is its core, revealed deeply that with the development of market economy, the social structure is changing. To the guidance of Gramscianism, we can see that weak and Islamic is the main characteristics of contemporary civil society in the Middle East. One of the important reasons why the political turmoil in the Middle East occurred is that the local governments are not adapted to the origin of the civil society and cultural leadership.