提高叶绿体色素分离效果的方法

The Improvement Methods of Leaf Chloroplast Pigment Separation Effect

摘要: “叶绿体色素提取和分离”实验，是高等院校农学《植物生理学》课程中必做的一个实验，但在实验中，常因实验材料中色素含量低、提取制备较难、层析分离后色带清晰度差、甚至色带种类不全等诸多因素，最后影响了实验结果。本研究针对实验成败关键之处，从以下几个方面作了改进和提高：提取叶绿素的叶片选鲜绿的，机械组织、纤维素较少、叶绿素含量高的种类，如无新鲜叶片也可用干叶粉代替；叶绿体色素提取过程中加入乙醇和碳酸钙，保证叶片被充分研磨且叶绿素不能被破坏；纸捻子提前制备，并沾好叶绿素，让学生有感性认识。以上三个方面的改进和完善，取得了很好的实验教学效果。

Abstract: The experiment of chloroplast pigment extraction and separation is an indispensable experiment in Plant Physiology Course. But the leaf chloroplast pigment separate effects are not very good due to low chloroplast pigment content in the experimental material with the chloroplast pigment extraction more difficult, chromatographic separation ribbon unclarity and even the chloroplast pigment ribbon type incomplete. For the experiment the key to success, the research analyzes Chlorophyll materials choosing the bright green leaf, which has the characteristic of less mechanical tissue and cellulose, high chlorophyll content. If not green leaf, we can use dry leaf powder instead of green leaf. In the process of chloroplast pigment extraction, we add ethanol and calcium carbonate to ensure the blade fully polished and chlorophyll not destroyed. The paper spill was prepared and the chloroplast was stained in advance so that all the students have perceptual knowledge. According to the practical experience from above three aspects, we have a good experiment effect on teaching.