含电动汽车接入的配网动态功率不平衡解决方法

A Method Solving Dynamic Power Imbalance of Distribution Network Containing Electric Vehicles Access

摘要: 随着电动汽车最近几年的快速发展，电动汽车接入配网产生的随机负载将增加配电变压器输送电能的波动性，加剧配网的功率不平衡。当大量电动汽车同时充电时可能超出传统配网的设计预期，配电变压器需要增加比平时更多的额外功率。若更换容量更大的配电变压器，可能仍难以满足要求，且增加不必要的投资。因此，本文提出一种仅需在现有配网结构上进行改进的动态功率平衡方法，采用三相电压型变流器通过直流线路联络配网中的各配电变压器以实现负载的合理分配和降低电动汽车负载的冲击。通过实测数据和蒙特卡洛模拟分析法建立电动汽车接入配网的负载模型，仿真分析表明该配网动态功率平衡系统具有较好的实用性。

Abstract: With the rapid development of electric vehicles in recent years, the random load producing from the electric vehicles access to the distribution network may increase the volatility of electricity and aggravate the power imbalance of the distribution network. When a large number of electric vehicles are being charged at the same time, the random load may exceed the expectation design of the traditional distribution network and distribution transformers need to transfer more power. If using large capacity distribution transformers, it may still be difficult to meet the requirements and increase investment. Whereas, a method solving dynamic power imbalance of distribution network is proposed in this paper. In this solution, DC transmission lines are used to link different distribution transformers, and based on the Three-Phase Voltage Source Converter, which results in a reasonable distribution of the load and mitigates the impact of soaring load of electric vehicle. This paper describes a mathematical model of the load of distribution network containing electric vehicles access, which is simulated by measured data and Monte Carlo simulation method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through the simulation analysis.